ASTM_E_2906_-_E_2906M_-_18.pdf

Designation:E2906/E2906M18Standard Practice forAcoustic Pulse Reflectometry Examination of Tube Bundles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2906/E2906M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes use of Acoustic Pulse Reflecto-metry(APR)technology for examination of the internalsurface of typical tube bundles found in heat exchangers,boilers,tubular air heaters and reactors,during shutdownperiods.1.2 The purpose ofAPR examination is to detect,locate andidentify flaws such as through-wall holes,ID wall loss due topitting and/or erosion as well as full or partial tube blockages.APR may not be effective in detecting cracks with tightboundaries.1.3 APR technology utilizes generation of sound wavesthrough the air in the examined tube,then detecting reflectionscreated by discontinuities and/or blockages.Analysis of theinitial phase(positive or negative)and the shape of thereflected acoustic wave are used to identify the type of flawcausing the reflection.1.4 When proper methods of signal and data analysis aredeveloped,APR technology can be applied for sizing offlaw/blockage indications.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standards.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations2.2 Other Documents:SNT-TC-1ARecommended Practice for NondestructiveTesting Personnel Qualification and Certification3ANSI/ASNT CP-189 ASNT Standard for Qualification andCertification of Nondestructive Testing Personnel3NAS-410 Certification and Qualification of NondestructiveTest Personnel4ISO 9712 Non-Destructive Testing Qualification and Cer-tification of NDT Personnel.3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsSee Terminology E1316 for general termi-nology applicable to this practice.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 acoustic pulse reflectometrya technology fordetecting,locating and analyzing sound reflections caused bydiscontinuities and abrupt changes on the internal surface oftubes and pipes as a response to an induced acoustic signalwithin the examined structure.3.2.2 reference signala measured signal from a typicaltube in the examined bundle without flaws or blockages.Reflections in the reference signal indicate structural featuresof the tube,probe or adaptor.3.2.3 signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)the ratio of the signalsRoot Mean Square(RMS)to RMS of the noise signal.3.2.4 output gainthe gain of the sound-source amplifier.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 onNondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.10 onSpecialized NDT Methods.Current edition approved June 1,2018.Published June 2018.Originallyapproved in 2013.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as E2906/E2906M13.DOI:10.1520/E2906_E2906M-18.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available fromAmerican Society for Nondestructive Testing(ASNT),P.O.Box28518,1711 Arlingate Ln.,Columbus,OH 43228-0518,http:/www.asnt.org.4Available from Aerospace Industries Association of America,Inc.(AIA),1000Wilson Blvd.,Suite 1700,Arlington,VA22209-3928,http:/www.aia-aerospace.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 4.Summary of Practice4.1 This practice describes the use of APR technology todete