ASTM_F_1520_-_94_2003.pdf

Designation:F 1520 94(Reapproved 2003)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Drive Torque for Film and Fabric RibbonCartridges1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 1520;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes a procedure for determiningthe drive torque of typewriter and printer cartridges using ahandheld torque gage.This test method is applicable tocartridges that contain film or fabric inked ribbons.1.2 A related standard,Test Method F 1050,covers theprocedure for determining tension and torque using a testfixture platform with a torque measurement motor.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE 691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodF 221 Terminology Relating to Carbon Paper and InkedRibbon Products and Images Made TherefromF 1050 Test Method for Determining Winding Torque andTension of Typewriter Ribbons3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 initial,breaking torquethe moment of a force nec-essary to begin rotation of the drive elements in a ribboncartridge.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Fully assembled cartridges containing either film orfabric inked ribbons are held in the same orientation as in theprinter.(Refer to Terminology F 221).The appropriate mea-suring gage is engaged in the hub of the drive wheel of thecartridge and turned at a constant speed one complete revolu-tion(one revolution requiring approximately 2 s being equiva-lent to 30 to 40 r/min).The process is repeated five times.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method can be used to evaluate the drive torquefor cartridges from one or more lots intended for a commontypewriter or printer.This test method may be used to indicatepossible cartridge function problems in the end use equipmentor as a means of manufacturing control or research.6.Interferences6.1 Before testing,cartridges should be thoroughly exam-ined.Poor design or incorrect assembly can cause dragging ofthe ribbon during transport and affect the drive mechanism.6.2 Drive torque measurements may vary widely as ribbonis exhausted or re-stuffed,depending on the type of cartridge.6.3 Wide variations in environmental conditions(tempera-ture and relative humidity)can affect cartridge torque.Com-parisons should be made only between tests run under the samegeneral environmental conditions.6.4 Measurements can be distorted if the torque gage isturned with a sharp twist of the wrist.Aslow,constant speed isrequired for accurate results.7.Apparatus7.1 Torque Gage3Scaled in cNcm,gfcm or ozf.in.witha maximum reading needle.Gages scaled in the 0 to 600cNgcm range are suitable for most cartridge designs.Gagesshould be able to work vertically,as shown in Fig.1.7.2 BitsMount bits in the torque gage and interface withdrive wheel hub.8.Test Specimens8.1 The test specimen shall be a complete ribbon cartridgethat has not been disrupted since it was assembled.8.2 The test specimen shall be identified as to source,typeof ribbon,and date of manufacture.9.Procedure9.1 Position the maximum reading needle on the gage atzero so as to be readable in the drive direction.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee of F-5 onBusiness Imaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.02on Inked Ribbons and Carbon Paper.Current edition approved June 15,1994.Published August 1994.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Several torque gages have been found to give satisfactory results.Both theTOHNICHI Manufacturing Co.and Waters Manufacturing Co.,Wayland MA makeapplicable models.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.9.2 Hold the cartridge flat and parallel to the floor,or as itwould sit in the printer.If needed,the cartridge can be held bya holding device that simulates the position in the printer.Theholding device must not compress the cartridge and cause testresults to be altered.9.3 Position the gage with the bit in the hub of the drivewheel on bottom of cartridge.Do not exert upward force whileturning the gage,as it will affect the reading.9.4 Turn the gage in the direction of the printer drive.Itshould be turned at a constant speed one complete revolution(one revolution requiring approximately 2 s being equivalent to30 to 40 r/min).9.5 Remove the torque gage and read the maximum needle.9.6 Repeat 8.1 to 8.5 five times.9.7 In characterizing torque levels of cartridges,it may beprudent to