Designation:F1448−12StandardGuideforSelectionofSecurityTechnologyforProtectionAgainstCounterfeiting,Alteration,Diversion,Duplication,Simulation,andSubstitution(CADDSS)ofProductsorDocuments1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationF1448;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.INTRODUCTIONAnyproductordocumentofvaluehasariskofbeingcounterfeited,altered,diverted,duplicated,simulated,orsubstituted(CADDSS).Thegreaterthevalueoftheobjectoritem,thegreateristhelikelihoodofCADDSS.Counterfeitingofbrandnames,designerclothes,accessories,jewelry,andintellectualpropertywasassessedin2006asa60-billion-dollarperyearproblemworldwide.Thisdollarfiguredoesnotincludethelossesinthefinancialcommunity,includingbanknotes,stocksandbonds,etc.,thelossesofwhichareunknownandunreported.Justascounterfeitingandalterationofdocumentsaresevereproblemsinthefinancialsector,thecounterfeiting,alteration,diversion,duplication,simulation,andsubstitution(CADDSS)ofproductsarelifethreateningwhentheyrelatetoaeronauticalparts,autoparts,pharmaceuticals,lifesupportequipment,andDepartmentofDefensematerial.Theproblemcannotbeeliminated,butitcanbecontrolledbyusinganticounterfeitingtechnologyselectedtofittheuser’srequirements.ThepurposeofthisdocumentistoprovideanoverarchingguidetoprotectagainstCADDSS.Therefore,itisexpectedthatadditionalstandardswillbegeneratedthataremorespecifictoagivenproduct,suchasclothing,musicandvideos(andotherdata-centricproducts),medicine,currency,officialdocumentation,vehicles,etc.ToprotectagainstCADDSS,severalstepshavetobetaken,whichincludebutarenotlimitedto:(1)identificationoftheCADDSSsensitiveproduct,(2)documentingthenature,magnitudeoflikelihood,andmagnitudeofimpactofdifferentCADDSSontheproduct,(3)listthepossibleanti-CADDSSsolutionsavailabletoaddressthedocumentedCADDSSstrate...
