ASTM_F_1457_-_94b_2011.pdf

Designation:F145794b(Reapproved 2011)Standard Terminology Relating toLaser Printers1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1457;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These definitions are intended for users of laser printers,so that they will be able to better understand the terminologyused by others in the field.For general terms related to printers,see Terminology F909.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F909 Terminology Relating to PrintersF1125 Terminology of Image Quality in Impact PrintingSystems3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:A4Asymbol for ISO standard metric cut-size paper which isnominally 20 by 30 cm or exactly 210 by 297 mm.ACK,na communication control character transmitted by areceiver as an affirmative response to a sender;a signal thatthe printer receiver sends to the host indicating that theprinter has received a message and is ready to receive thenext message.ADCabbreviation for automatic density control.American Standard Code for Information Interchangeadata communications code set consisting of a 7-bit-plus-parity code that can be translated with a leading“0”as an8-bit set.(See ASCII.)ASCIIAmerican Standard Code for Information Inter-change.asynchronous,adja data transmission in which the timebetween transmitted characters can vary,it is controlled bystart and stop codes at the beginning and end of data sets.(See synchronous.)automatic density control,nthe process whereby the tonerlayer deposited on the substrate is controlled by the printer.(See ADC.)baud,na measure of data transmission speed;ideally onebaud equals one bit per second.BCDabbreviation for block circuit diagram.bead carryoverbeads of developer appearing on a print orcopy,or both;a deletion around each particle is common.binary digit,na unit of electronic data.(See bit.)binary synchronous transmission,n a form of data send-ing.(See binary digit,synchronous,and asynchronous.)bisynic(BSC),nan IBM-developed method of binary syn-chronous transmission.bitbinary digit.bit mapa pattern of bits representing the dots in a printedimage.block,na group of data transmitted as a unit.block circuit diagram,nan illustration of the interconnec-tion of the major elements of a system,each element beingpresented by a block.(See BCD.)bridging,vthe clumping of toner which causes a hollow areain the toner supply that prevents the free flow of toner to thedispenser auger.DISCUSSIONBridging is a different phenomenon from the imagequality bridging as defined in Terminology F1125.byte,na set of seven or eight bits used to represent acharacter or control function.carrier detect,na communication control character used inan RS232 system to signal the sender that the receiver ison-line.(See CD.)carriage return,nan operation which advances the cursor tothe beginning of a new line.(See CR.)carrier return,na code which instructs the printer to begina new line.centronics interface,na parallel interface standard thatconnects elements of a communications system.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F05 onBusiness Imaging Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F05.01on Nomenclature and Definitions.Current edition approved Nov.1,2011.Published September 2012.Originallyapproved in 1993.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F145794b(2006).DOI:10.1520/F1457-94BR11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 character cel,nthe rectangular-shaped areas on a pagecontaining a single character with its portion of the spacewhich separates it from adjacent characters.character pitch,nthe number of characters that can beprinted in a horizontal 1 in.(25.4 mm).character setthe collection of all the characters available ina given font.CCITTabbreviation for Comite Consultatif InternationalTelegraphique et Telephonique(Consultive Committee forInternational Telephone and Telegraph).CDabbreviation for carrier detect.clear to send,na control circuit that indicates to the dataterminal equipment that data can or cannot be transmitted.(See CTS.)cluster controller,na device in an IBM Model 3274,3276,or equivalent that controls the flow of information in a localarea mand,na byte or sequence of bytes from the hostcomputer which invokes options available with the laserprinter.Comite Consultatif International Telegraphique et Tele-phonique(Consultive Committee for International Tele-phone and Telegraph),na committee established underthe United Nations to recommend worldwid