ASTM_E_3097_-_17.pdf

Designation:E309717Standard Test Method forMechanical Uniaxial Constant Force Thermal Cycling ofShape Memory Alloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E3097;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method defines procedures for determining thetransformation temperatures,the related strains and the re-sidual strain when a shape memory alloy is thermally cycledunder an applied axial stress.This test is done to provide datafor the design and selection of shape memory alloy thermoelas-tic actuators.1.2 UnitsThe values stated in SI units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE8/E8M Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Ma-terialsE9 Test Methods of Compression Testing of Metallic Mate-rials at Room TemperatureE21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests ofMetallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE74 Practice of Calibration of Force-Measuring Instrumentsfor Verifying the Force Indication of Testing MachinesE83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-someter SystemsE209 Practice for Compression Tests of Metallic Materials atElevated Temperatures with Conventional or Rapid Heat-ing Rates and Strain RatesE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1169 Practice for Conducting Ruggedness TestsE2368 Practice for Strain Controlled ThermomechanicalFatigue TestingF2004 Test Method for Transformation Temperature ofNickel-Titanium Alloys by Thermal AnalysisF2005 Terminology for Nickel-Titanium Shape MemoryAlloysF2063 Specification for Wrought Nickel-Titanium ShapeMemory Alloys for Medical Devices and Surgical Im-plantsF2082 Test Method for Determination of TransformationTemperature of Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloysby Bend and Free RecoveryF2516 Test Method for Tension Testing of Nickel-TitaniumSuperelastic Materials2.2 Other Standards:IEEE/ASTM SI 10 American National Standard for MetricPractice2ASQ C1 general Requirements for a Quality program3ISO 9001 Quality Management SystemsRequirements43.Terminology3.1 Specific technical terms used in this test method arefound in Terminology F2005.3.2 Definitions:1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E08 on Fatigueand Fracture and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E08.05 on CyclicDeformation and Fatigue Crack Formation.Current edition approved Nov.1,2017.Published March 2018.DOI:10.1520/E3097172For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4Available from International Organization for Standardization(ISO),ISOCentral Secretariat,BIBC II,Chemin de Blandonnet 8,CP 401,1214 Vernier,Geneva,Switzerland,http:/www.iso.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 3.2.1actuation strain(eact)The full strain recoveryobtained when heating from LCT to UCT at a specified stress.It includes the thermal expansions of martensite and austeniteas well the phase transformation strain.eact5eLCT2eUCT3.2.2 austenite50%(A50)Temperature at which the trans-formation from martensite to austenite is 50%completed.A505As1 Af!2.3.2.3 austenite finish strain(eAf)Strain at the austenitefinish temperature.3.2.4 austenite start strain(eAs)Strain at the aust