ASTM_F_1035_-_03_2015.pdf

Designation:F103503(Reapproved 2015)Standard Practice forUse of Rubber-Cord Pie Disk to Demonstrate theDiscernment Capability of a Tire X-ray Imaging System1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1035;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice describes the construction and use of arubber-cord pie-shaped standard disk for demonstrating thediscernment capability of an X-ray imaging system.1.2 This practice is applicable to direct viewing(fluoro-scopic)X-ray imaging systems and film,plate or paper(radiographic)X-ray imaging systems that are used for check-ing the construction consistency of pneumatic tires.1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcernss associated with its use.It is the responsibility of theuser of this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D1349 Practice for RubberStandard Conditions for Test-ingD3186 Test Methods for RubberEvaluation of SBR(Styrene-Butadiene Rubber)Mixed With Carbon Black orCarbon Black and OilF538 Terminology Relating to the Characteristics and Per-formance of Tires3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 pie disk,rubber-cord,n in tire X-ray testing,acircular disk of a specified diameter having six pie-shapedsections,each containing cord of different materials;it is usedfor demonstrating the discernment capability of an X-rayimaging system.(F538)3.1.2 X-ray image plane,n in tire testing,a surfacelocated at a specified distance from the X-ray tube“focal spot.”3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe centerline of the cone of radiationfrom the X-ray tube is normal to the image plane.F5383.1.3 X-ray imaging system,n in tire testing,a collectionof the components and subsystems needed to produce afluoroscopic or radiographic image of the tire.3.1.3.1 DiscussionThe collection includes the X-ray highvoltage generator,X-ray tube,and X-ray screen or radiograph.F5383.1.4 X-ray radiograph,nan X-ray film,plate,or paperthat is placed at the image plane and is used for recording anX-ray image of the object being examined.F5383.1.5 X-ray screen,na fluorescent screen,placed at theimage plane,that produces an X-ray image of the object beingexamined.3.1.5.1 DiscussionThis visible light may be photographedor input to a television system.F5384.Summary of Practice4.1 The pie disk is a rubber-cord composite that is used asthe subject in an X-ray imaging system.Each of the sixsections of the disk has a different cord material which,together,represent the cords commonly used in vehicle tires.The X-ray absorption of these cords range from very nearly thesame as that of the rubber matrix to quite different from it.4.2 The rubber-cord pie disk shall be placed between theX-ray tube and the X-ray image plane at a specified distancefrom the image plane(see Fig.1).The ambient conditions arecontrolled or monitored,and recorded.4.3 The image of the disk on a fluorescent screen orphotograph can be studied for clarity of detail for each cordmaterial.The voltage and current of the X-ray high voltagegenerator shall be adjusted for optimum detail and contrastsensitivity to view all cord materials simultaneously.5.Significance and Use5.1 All X-ray systems are subject to changing efficiencies,so a practice for checking the overall operation is needed.This1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F09 on Tires and isthe direct responsibility of Subcommittee F09.10 on Equipment,Facilities andCalibration.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published September 2015.Originallyapproved in 1986.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1035 03(2008).DOI:10.1520/F1035-03R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 practice will assure the operator of an optimized image whenambient conditions are controlled and the X-ray high voltagegenerator is adjusted as prescribed.5.2 The densities of some tire cord materials are very closeto that of the rubber matrix in which they are enclosed,so theresolving capability of an X-ray system is critical to thedetection of abnormalities.The rubber-cord pie disk provides ameans for optimizing the resolving power in a particularapparatus and for comparing its performance over any periodof time.5.3 The rubber-cord pie disk can be used to compare theperformances of X-ray systems in different labora