ASTM_E_2984_-_E_2984M_-_14.pdf

Designation:E2984/E2984M14Standard Practice forAcoustic Emission Examination of High Pressure,LowCarbon,Forged Piping using Controlled HydrostaticPressurization1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E2984/E2984M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 In the preferred embodiment,this practice examinesimmersed low carbon,forged piping being immersed in a watertank with the acoustic sensors permanently mounted on thetank walls rather than temporarily on the part itself.The pipesare monitored while being internally loaded(stressed)byhydrostatic means up to 1000 bar.1.2 This practice examines either an immersed pipe,ornon-immersed pipe being stressed by internal hydrostaticmeans to create acoustic emissions when cracks are present.However,the non-immersed method is time consuming,requir-ing placement and removal of sensors for each pipe inspected,while the immersed method has sensors permanently mounted,providing consistent sensor coupling to the tank-eliminatingreinstallation.The non-immersed method is not recommendedfor the specified reasons and only the immersed method will bediscussed throughout the remainder of the standard.This issimilar to pressure vessel testing described in Practice E569,but uses hydrostatic means not included in that standard.1.3 This Acoustic Emission(AE)method addresses exami-nation for monitoring low carbon,forged piping systems beinginternally loaded(stressed)by hydrostatic means up to 1000bar 15,000 psi while being immersed in a water bath tofacilitate sensor coupling.1.4 The basic functions of an AE monitoring system are todetect,locate,and classify emission sources.Other methods ofnondestructive testing(NDT)may be used to further evaluatethe significance of acoustic emission sources.1.5 This practice can be used to replace visual methods,which are unreliable and have significant safety risks.1.6 This practice describes procedures to install and monitoracoustic emission resulting from local anomalies stimulated bycontrolled hydrostatic pressure.1.7 Other methods of nondestructive testing(NDT)may beused to further evaluate the significance of acoustic emissionsources.1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E543 Specification for Agencies Performing NondestructiveTestingE569 Practice for Acoustic Emission Monitoring of Struc-tures During Controlled StimulationE650 Guide for Mounting Piezoelectric Acoustic EmissionSensorsE750 Practice for Characterizing Acoustic Emission Instru-mentationE976 Guide for Determining the Reproducibility ofAcousticEmission Sensor ResponseE1316 Terminology for Nondestructive ExaminationsE2374 Guide for Acoustic Emission System PerformanceVerification2.2 Other Referenced DocumentsANSI/ASNT CP-189 Standard for Qualification and Certifi-cation of Nondestructive Testing Personnel31This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E07 onNondestructive Testing and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E07.04 onAcoustic Emission Method.Current edition approved Oct.1,2014.Published October 2014.DOI:10.1520/E2984_E2984M-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 NAS-410 NDT Certification4SNT-TC-1A Personnel Qualification and Certification inNondestructive Testing53.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of terms relating to acousticemission may be found in Section B of Terminology E1316.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 AE activitythe presence of acoustic emission duringan examination.3.2.2 active sourceone which exhibits increasing cumula-tive AE activity with increasing or constant stimulus.3.2.3 critical sourceis where the event energy rate ex-ceeds a baseline established from known good parts.3.2.4 critically intense sourceone in which the AE sourc