Designation:E2984/E2984M−14StandardPracticeforAcousticEmissionExaminationofHighPressure,LowCarbon,ForgedPipingusingControlledHydrostaticPressurization1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationE2984/E2984M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(´)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Inthepreferredembodiment,thispracticeexaminesimmersedlowcarbon,forgedpipingbeingimmersedinawatertankwiththeacousticsensorspermanentlymountedonthetankwallsratherthantemporarilyonthepartitself.Thepipesaremonitoredwhilebeinginternallyloaded(stressed)byhydrostaticmeansupto1000bar.1.2Thispracticeexamineseitheranimmersedpipe,ornon-immersedpipebeingstressedbyinternalhydrostaticmeanstocreateacousticemissionswhencracksarepresent.However,thenon-immersedmethodistimeconsuming,requir-ingplacementandremovalofsensorsforeachpipeinspected,whiletheimmersedmethodhassensorspermanentlymounted,providingconsistentsensorcouplingtothetank-eliminatingreinstallation.Thenon-immersedmethodisnotrecommendedforthespecifiedreasonsandonlytheimmersedmethodwillbediscussedthroughouttheremainderofthestandard.ThisissimilartopressurevesseltestingdescribedinPracticeE569,butuseshydrostaticmeansnotincludedinthatstandard.1.3ThisAcousticEmission(AE)methodaddressesexami-nationformonitoringlowcarbon,forgedpipingsystemsbeinginternallyloaded(stressed)byhydrostaticmeansupto1000bar[15,000psi]whilebeingimmersedinawaterbathtofacilitatesensorcoupling.1.4ThebasicfunctionsofanAEmonitoringsystemaretodetect,locate,andclassifyemissionsources.Othermethodsofnondestructivetesting(NDT)maybeusedtofurtherevaluatethesignificanceofacousticemissionsources.1.5Thispracticecanbeusedtoreplacevisualmethods,whichareunreliableandhavesignificantsafetyrisks.1.6Thispracticedescribesprocedurestoinstallandmonitoracousticemissionresultingfromlocalanomaliesstimulatedbycontroll...
