ASTM_F_1558_-_94_2015.pdf

Designation:F155894(Reapproved 2015)Standard Guide forCharacteristics for Adjunct Cervical Spine ImmobilizationDevices(ACSID)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1558;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThe objective of this guide is to begin to address the recognized need to support and immobilize thecomponents of the spine or spinal cord.Although this guide does not quantitatively addressperformance standards for this device,it does address the characteristics of the device(s)used toprovide support and immobilization of the components of the central nervous system for the patientsuspected of receiving trauma to that body system.1.Scope1.1 This guide establishes minimum standards for devicesdesignated here as adjunct cervical spine immobilization de-vice(ACSID);a lateral stabilizer for the head is an example ofthis type of device.The ACSID is designed to be used to assistin the immobilization of the cervical spine,by emergencymedical services personnel.1.2 This guide does not identify specific degrees of limita-tion of motion achieved by placement of an ACSID on apatient.Definitive requirements for immobilization of thespine,and,in particular,the degree of limitation associatedwith the use of an ACSID,have not been established in themedical literature.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1177 Terminology Relating to Emergency Medical Ser-vices2.2 OSHA Standard:20 CFR 1910.1030 Occupational Exposure to BloodbornePathogens;Final Rule32.3 Centers for Disease Control Standard:Guidelines for Prevention of Transmission of HIV and HBVto Healthcare and Public Safety Workers43.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 retention systeman adjunct to or an integral part ofthe primary platform that allows the patient to be securelyattached to that platform used in whatever configuration andsize necessary to accomplish the goal while still allowingreasonable and necessary access to the patient.3.1.2 spinal immobilizationimmobilization of the entirespine and its contiguous structures,the pelvis and skull.3.1.3 spinethe spine shall include the cervical,thoracic,lumbar,and sacral vertebrae.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 directions of movementdirections include flexion,extension,rotation,distraction,lateral motion,and axial com-pression motion.3.2.2 immobilizationlimitation of motion.3.3 For definitions of other terms used in this guide,refer toTerminology F1177.4.Significance and Use4.1 The intent of this guide is to identify characteristics thatan ACSID shall possess.1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F30 on EmergencyMedical Services and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F30.01 on EMSEquipment.Current edition approved June 1,2015.Published July 2015.Originally approvedin 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as F1558 94(2007).DOI:10.1520/F1558-94R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Superintendent of Documents,U.S.Government PrintingOffice,Washington,DC 20402.4Available from Centers for Disease Control&Prevention(CDC),1600 CliftonRd.,Atlanta,GA 30333,http:/www.cdc.gov.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.2 It is not expected that the ACSID will be used alone toprovide the entire scope of required immobilization.Clinicalsituations may require differing combinations of devices foradequate total spinal immobilization.AnACSID may be one ofthe devices.4.3 An ACSID is intended to provide stabilization and/orsupport in addition to other immobilization devices in one ormore of the planes of motion mentioned in 3.2.1(see 4.2).5.Characteristics5.1 Placement or use of the ACSID shall not require orcause movement of the head or neck,or both,during treatmentor transport of patient.5.2 Once in place,the ACSID shall assist in the immobili-zation of the cervical spine.5.3 It shall not cause vascular compression or airwaycompromise.5.4 It shall provide access to see the ears once applied.5.5 It shall provide for continued evaluation of cervical softtissue or jugular vein distention,or tracheal deviation,orcombination thereof.5.6 It shall be capable of being applied without movementof the cervical spine.5.7 It shall provide for the perfo