ASTM_F_1306_-_16.pdf

Designation:F130616Standard Test Method forSlow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Filmsand Laminates1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1306;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method permits flexible barrier films andlaminates to be characterized for slow rate penetration resis-tance to a driven probe.The test is performed at roomtemperature,by applying a biaxial stress at a single testvelocity on the material until perforation occurs.The force,energy,and elongation to perforation are determined.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to inch-pound units that are provided for informa-tion only and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insu-lation(Withdrawn 2013)3D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for TestingD638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of PlasticsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 elongation(stretch)the elastic/plastic deformationof flexible sheet material under penetration by a driven probe.3.1.2 penetration resistancethe ability of a flexible sheetmaterial to withstand elongation and/or puncture by a drivenprobe.3.1.3 perforationthe development of a measurable flawthrough a barrier film undergoing penetration.3.1.4 probe penetration to failuredistance probe travelsfrom film contact to an instantaneous drop in load as observedon Universal Testing Equipment recorder.3.1.5 puncturethe brittle elastic fracture of a flexible sheetmaterial under penetration by a driven probe.4.Significance and Use4.1 Penetration resistance is an important end-use perfor-mance of thin flexible materials where a sharp-edged productcan destroy the integrity of a barrier wrap.This will permitpackageentry/exitofgases,odors,andunwantedcontaminates,causing potential harm to the product andreducing shelf-life.Material response to penetration will varywith numerous factors,such as film thickness,elastic modulus,rate of penetration,temperature,shape and type of probe.Consequently,material responses from puncture to stretch maybe observed and quantified using this method.Althoughnumerous combinations of experimental factors can be devisedand used to simulate specific end-use applications,the recom-mended conditions in this method should be followed forstandard comparisons of materials.5.Apparatus5.1 Universal Testing Apparatus,with a recording device.5.2 Compression Load Cell(s).5.3 Penetration Probe,as per Fig.1.5.3.1 A 3.2 mm(0.125 in.)diameter hemispherical(biaxialstress)probe is recommended for general application andstandard comparison of materials and interlaboratory results.5.4 Specimen Clamping Fixture,as per Fig.2 or equivalent.5.4.1 A sample test diameter of 34.9 mm(1.375 in.)isrequired for interlaboratory comparison of results.(If otherprobes are used,a minimum clamp to probe diameter ratio of10 to 1 is required.)5.5 Specimen Cutter.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F02 on FlexibleBarrier Packaging and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F02.20 onPhysical Properties.Current edition approved March 1,2016.Published April 2016.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as F1306 90(2008)1.DOI:10.1520/F1306-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Test Specimen6.1 The test specimen shall be of uniform thickness(62%or 0.0025 mm(0.0001 in.),whichever is larger).6.2 The dimensions of the test specimen shall be 76 mm by76 mm(3 in.by 3 in.).7.Preparation of Apparatus7.1 Consult the equipment operations manual for instruc-tions to set up and operate the equipment.7.2 Install probe apparatus.7.3 Center probe over the fixture.8.Number of Test Specimens8.1 Test at least five specimens for each sample.9.Conditioning9.1 Condition the test specimens at 23 6 2C(73.4 63.6F)and 50 6 5%relative humidity for not less