ASTM_A_307_2012.pdf

Designation:A307-12NTERNATIONALStandard Specification forCarbon Steel Bolts,Studs,and Threaded Rod 60 000 PSITensile Strength1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A307:the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1.Scope1.5 Supplementary Requirement S1 of an optional nature is1.1 This specification2 covers the chemical and mechanicalprovided,which describes additional restrictions to be appliedrequirements of two grades of carbon steel bolts and studs inwhen bolts are to be welded.It shall apply only when specifiedsizes in.through 4 in.The fasteners are designated byin the inquiry,order,and contract.Gradedenoting tensile strength and intended use,as follows:1.6 Terms used in this specification are defined in Termi-GradeDescriptionnology F1789 unless otherwise defined herein.Grade ABolts,studs,and threaded2.Referenced Documentsrod having a minimumtensile strength of 60 ksi2.1 ASTM Standards:3and intended for generalA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel Nutsapplications.Grade BBolts,studs,and threadedA706/A706M Specification for Low-Alloy Steel Deformedand Plain Bars for Concrete Reinforcementintended for flanged joints inA751 Test Methods,Practices,and Terminology for Chemi-piping systems with cast ironflanges,andcal Analysis of Steel ProductsGrade CReplaced by SpecificationB695 Specification for Coatings of Zinc Mechanically De-F1554Gr.36posited on Iron and SteelF606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Proper-A Threaded rod is not usually produced to Grade B.but can be when specified bythe purchaser.ties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,1.2 This specification does not cover requirements forWashers,Direct Tension Indicators,and RivetsF1470 Practice for Fastener Sampling for Specified Me-machine screws,thread cutting/forming screws,mechanicalexpansion anchors or similar externally threaded fasteners.chanical Properties and Performance InspectionF1554 Specification for Anchor Bolts,Steel,36,55,and1.3 Suitable nuts are covered in Specification A563.Unless105-ksi Yield Strengthotherwise specified,the grade and style of nut for each grade ofF1789 Terminology for F16 Mechanical Fastenersfastener,of all surface finishes,shall be as follows:F2329 Specification for Zinc Coating,Hot-Dip,Require-Fastener Grade and SizeNut Grade and Stylements for Application to Carbon and Alloy Steel Bolts.A%to1点in.A,hexScrews,Washers,Nuts,and Special Threaded FastenersA over 1%to 4 inA.heavy hexB.V to 4 in.A,heavy hex2.2 ASME Standards:B 1.1 Unified Screw Threads4A Nuts of other grades and styles having specified proof load stresses(Specifica-B 18.2.1 Square and Hex Bolts and Screws*tion A563,Table 3)greater than the specified grade and style of nut are alsosuitable.B 18.24 Part Identifying Number(PIN)Code System1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedB18.31.3 Threaded Rods(Inch Series)as the standard.3 For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website.www.astm.org.orIThis specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F16 oncontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of A.STMFasteners and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F16.02 on Steel Bolts,Standards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onNuts,Rivets and Washers.the ASTM website.Current edition approved Dec.I.2012.Published January 2013.OriginallyAvailable from American National Standards Institute(ANSD).25 W.43rd St.approved in 1947.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as A307-10.DOI:4th Floor,New York.NY 10036.http:/www.ansi.org.10.1520/A0307-12.Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME).ASME2 For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications see related Specifi-International Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY 10016-5990,http:/cation SA-307 in Section II of that Code.www.asme.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM Intemational,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700.West Conshohocken.PA 19428-2959.United StatesCopyright ASTM IntemationalA307-12TABLE 2 Hardness Requirements for Bolts,Studs,and ThreadedTABLE 4 Tensile Requirements for Machined SpecimensRodGrade AGrade BGradeLength,in.HardnessABrinellRockwell BTensile strength,ksi60 min60-100minmaxmaxYield point,min ksiminElongation in 2 in.,1818min,Less than3dia5121241691003dia and longer241100Less than3dia512121269957.Dimensions3dia and longer2129A As measured anywhere on the surface or through the cross section.7.1 Unless otherwise specified,threads on bolts and studsAlso bolts with drilled or undersize heads.These sizes and bolts with modifiedshall be the Coarse Thread Series as specified in the latest issueheads shall meet the minimum and maximum hardness as hardness is the onlyof ASME B1.1,and shall have a Class 2A tolerance.Unlessrequirement.otherwise specified,threads on threaded rod shall be per therequirements of the latest issue of ASME B18.31.3.TABLE 3 Tensile Requirements for Full-Size Bolts,Studs,and7.2 Unless otherwise specified,Grade A bolts shall be hexThreaded Rodbolts with dimensions as given in the latest issue of ASMEBoltThreadsStressTensile Strength,IbfB18.2.1.Unless otherwise specified,Grade B bolts shall beSize,per inchArea,GradeGrade Bheavy hex bolts with dimensions as given in the latest issue ofin.in,2A.min cminmaxoASME B18.2.1.Unless otherwise specified,threads onthreaded rod shall be per the requirements of the latest issue of200.0318190019003180ASME B18.31.3.0.052431003100524060.07754650465077507.3 Unless otherwise specified,bolts,studs,and threaded0.10636350635010630rod to be used with nuts or tapped holes which have been130.14198500850014190tapped oversize,in accordance with Specification A563,shall0.182110001100018200have threads as specified in 7.1 before hot-dip or mechanically0.226135501355022600号100.334200502005033400deposited zinc coating.After zinc coating the maximum limit90.46227002770046200of pitch and major diameter shall not exceed the Class 2Amaximum limit by more than the following amounts:80.6063635036350606001%70.763458004580076300Diameter,in.Oversize Limit,in.(mm)1470.96958150581509690040.0161%61.15569300693001155006,%0.01746,20.018161.405843008430014050096 to 3/4,incl0.0201451.901140001140001900000.02222.501500001500002500001.0 to 11,incl0.024244%3.251950001950003250001%,110.027134 to 4.0,incl0.0502%44.0024000024000040000044.93295800295800493000AThese values are the same as the overtapping required for zinc-coated nuts in45.97358200358200597000Specification A563.3%47.104260004260007100007.4 The gaging limit for bolts and studs,and threaded rod328.33499800499800833000shall be verified during manufacture or use by assembly of a3449.6657960057960096600011.08nut tapped as nearly as practical to the amount oversize shown6648006648001108000above.In case of dispute,a calibrated thread ring gage of thatA Area calculated from the equation:A=0.7854D-(0.9743/nj12same size(Class X tolerance,gage tolerance plus)shall bewhere:used.Assembly of the gage,or the nut described above,mustbe possible with hand effort following application of lightA。=stress area.machine oil to prevent galling and damage to the gage.TheseDnominal diameter of bolt,andn=threads per inch.inspections,when performed to resolve disputes,shall beperformed at the frequency and quality described in Table 5.1 lbf 4.448 N.C Based on 60 ksi(414 MPa).8.Number of Tests and RetestsBased on 60-100 ksi(414-690 MPa).8.1 The requirements of this specification shall be met incontinuous mass production for stock,and the manufacturershall make sample inspections to ensure that the product6.6 For bolts,studs,and threaded rod on which bothconforms to the specified requirements.Additional tests ofhardness and tension tests are performed,acceptance based onindividual shipments of material are not ordinarily contem-tensile requirements shall take precedence in the event thatplated.Individual heats of steel are not identified in the finishedthere is controversy over low readings of hardness tests.product.Copyright ASTM IntemationalA307-12TABLE 5 Sample Sizes and Acceptance Numbers for Inspectionbe made before shipment,and shall be conducted as not toof Hot-Dip or Mechanically Deposited Zinc-Coated Threadsinterfere unnecessarily with the operation of the works.Lot SizeSample SizeAcceptance Number11.Responsibility2to9013191to15020211.1 The party responsible for the fastener shall be the151to280323organization that supplies the fastener to the purchaser.281to50050501to120080712.Rejection and Rehearing1201to32001251032011o100002001412.1 Disposition of nonconforming lots shall be in accor-10 001 and over31521dance with Guide F1470,specifically sections on disposition ofA Inspect all bolts in the lot if the lot size is less than the sample size.nonconforming lots,suppliers option,and purchasers option.13.Product Marking8.2 When specified in the order,the manufacturer shall13.1 Grades A and B Bolts and Studs:furnish a test report certified to be the last completed set of13.1.1 Bolt heads and one end of studs shall be marked withmechanical tests for each stock size in each shipment.a unique identifier by the manufacturer to identify the manu-8.3 When additional tests are specified on the purchasefacturer or private label distributor,as appropriate.Additionalmarking required by the manufacturer shall be at the option oforder,a lot,for purposes of selecting test samples,shall consistthe manufacturer.of all material offered for inspection at one time that has the13.1.2 In addition to the requirements of 13.1,all bolt headsfollowing common characteristics:one end of studs%in.and larger,and whenever feasible studs8.3.1 One type of item,8.3.2 One nominal size,andless than%in.shall be marked with a grade marking asfollows:8.3.3 One nominal length of bolts and studs.GradeMarking8.4 From each lot,the number of tests for each requirementA307Ashall be as follows:307BNumber of Pieces in LotNumber of Samples13.1.3 All markings shall be located on the top of the bolt800 and under1head or stud end and shall be raised or depressed at the option801to800028001to22000of the manufacturer.Over 22 000513.2 Grades A and B Threaded Rod:8.5 If any machined test specimen shows defective machin-13.2.1 Refer to ASME B18.31.3 for marking of Grade A anding it shall be discarded and another specimen substituted.B threaded rod.8.6 Should any sample fail to meet the requirements of a13.2.2 If markings are required,they shall be located on thespecified test,double the number of samples from the same lotends of the threaded rod and shall be raised or depressed at theshall be tested,in which case all of the additional samples shalloption of the manufacturer.meet the specification.14.Packaging and Package Marking9.Test Methods14.1 Packaging:9.1 Grades A and B bolts and studs shall be tested in14.1.1 Unless otherwise specified,packaging shall be inaccordance with Test Methods F606.accordance the manufacturers practice to prevent damagebefore and during shipment.9.2 Standard square and hex head bolts only shall be tested14.1.2 When special packaging requirements are required,by the wedge tension method except as noted in 6.4.Fracturethey shall be defined at the time of the inquiry and order.shall be in the body or threads of the bolt without any fractureat the junction of the head and body.Other headed bolts shall14.2 Package Marking:be tested by the axial tension method.14.2.1 Each shipping unit shall include or be plainly markedwith the following information:10.Inspection14.2.1.1 ASTM designation and grade,14.2.1.2Size,10.1 If the inspection described in 10.2 is required by the14.2.1.3 Name and brand or trademark of the manufacturer.purchaser it shall be specified in the inquiry,order,or contract.14.2.1.4 Number of pieces,10.2 The inspector representing the purchaser shall have14.2.1.5 Purchase order number(when specified in thefree entry to all parts of the manufacturers works that concernorder),the manufacture of the material ordered.The manufacturer14.2.1.6 Country of originshall afford the inspector all reasonable facilities to satisfy himthat the material is being furnished in accordance with this15.Keywordsspecification.All tests and inspections required by the specifi-15.I all thread rod;bolts;carbon steel;steel;studs;threadedcation that are requested by the purchasers representative shallrodCopyright ASTM IntemationalA307-12SUPPLEMENTARY REOUIREMENTSThe following supplementary requirement shall apply only when specified in the purchase order orcontract:S1.Bolts Suitable for WeldingS1.5.2 Carbon Equivalent(Source-Specification A706/S1.1 The material described in this section is intended forA706M)-In addition to the heat chemical analysis require-welding.This supplemental section,by additional chemicalments in S1.5.1,the heat analysis shall be such as to provide acomposition restrictions and by a carbon equivalent formulacarbon equivalent(CE)not exceeding 0.55 when calculated asprovides assurance of weldability by chemical compositionfollows:control.Mn Cu Ni Cr Mo%VS1.2 Welding technique is of fundamental importance whenCE=%C+-6-+40+20+105010bolts produced to this supplementary section are welded.It ispresupposed that suitable welding procedures for the steelS1.6 Analysis Reports-If requested on the order orbeing welded and the intended service will be selected.contract,the chemical composition of each heat of steel usedS1.3 All of the requirements of this supplemental sectionand the calculated carbon equivalent for each heat shall beapply in addition to all of the chemical,mechanical,and otherreported to the purchaser.requirements of the base specification,Specification A307 forS1.7 Product(Check)Verification Analysis-ChemicalGrade B.analyses when made by the purchaser or a representative onS1.4 Because of the embrittling effects of welding tempera-bolts from each heat of steel,shall not exceed the valuestures on cold-forged steel,this supplemental section is limitedspecified in S1.5.2 by more than the following amounts:to hot-forged bolts,or,if not forged,then to bolts producedfrom hot-rolled bars without forging or threaded bars,bars%Carbon+0.03studs,or stud bolts produced from hot-rolled bars withoutManganese+0.06forging.Cold-forged bolts,or cold-drawn threaded bars,if theyPhosphorus+0.008Sulfur+0.008are given a thermal treatment by heating to a temperature of notSilicon+0.05less than 1500F(815C)and air-cooled are also suitable.S1.5 Chemical Requirements:S2.Permanent Manufacturers IdentificationS1.5.1 Heat Chemical Analysis-Material conforming tothe following additional analysis limitations shall be used toS2.1 Replaced by Specification F1554.manufacture the product described in this supplementaryrequirement.S3.Permanent Grade IdentificationCarbon0.30%.maxS3.1 Replaced by Specification F1554Manganese1.00%,maPhosphorus0.04%.maxSulfur0.05%,maxSilicon0.50%.maSUMMARY OF CHANGESCommittee F16 has identified the location of selected changes to this standard since the last issue(A307-10)that may impact the use of this standard.(/Revised title to include threaded rod.(4)Removed reference to Practice D3951 in section 2.1.(2)Added reference to threaded rod to sections,1.1,3.1.2,4.1,(5)Added ASME B18.31.3 in 2.2.5.1.6.1,6.2.6.3.6.5,6.6.7.1,7.2.7.3.7.4.and in Table1,(6)Added13.2.Table 2,and Table 3.(7)Revised14.1.1and14.2.1.5.(3)Removed section 9.3 as it is specified in Test Methods(8)Added additional key words to Section 15.F606.,，-4-