ASTM_A_998_-_A_998M_-_12.pdf

Designation:A998/A998M12Standard Practice forStructural Design of Reinforcements for Fittings inFactoryMade Corrugated Steel Pipe for Sewers and OtherApplications1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A998/A998M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This practice covers the structural design of reinforce-ment for fittings in factory-made,round corrugated steel pipe,conforming to Specifications A760/A760M or A762/A762M,for use as storm and sanitary sewers and other buried applica-tions.This practice is for fittings on pipe installed in a trenchor embankment and subjected to earth loads and live loads.Itmust be recognized that a buried corrugated pipe is a compositestructure made up of the steel ring and the soil envelope,andboth elements play a vital part.Both main and branch pipeshall be designed in accordance with Practice A796/A796Mand installed in accordance with Practice A798/A798M.1.2 This practice covers the structural design of reinforce-ment for fittings such as those for branch pipes.Refer toSection 5 for design limitations.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.4 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI unitsshall be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system are not exact equivalents;therefore,each systemmust be used independently of the other,without combiningvalues in any way.SI units are shown in brackets in the text forclarity,but they are the applicable values when the design is tobe performed using SI units.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A36/A36M Specification for Carbon Structural SteelA153/A153M Specification for Zinc Coating(Hot-Dip)onIron and Steel HardwareA307 Specification for Carbon Steel Bolts,Studs,andThreaded Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile StrengthA760/A760M Specification for Corrugated Steel Pipe,Metallic-Coated for Sewers and DrainsA762/A762M Specification for Corrugated Steel Pipe,Poly-mer Precoated for Sewers and DrainsA796/A796M Practice for Structural Design of CorrugatedSteel Pipe,Pipe-Arches,and Arches for Storm and Sani-tary Sewers and Other Buried ApplicationsA798/A798M Practice for Installing Factory-Made Corru-gated Steel Pipe for Sewers and Other ApplicationsA902 Terminology Relating to Metallic Coated Steel Prod-uctsA929/A929M Specification for Steel Sheet,Metallic-Coatedby the Hot-Dip Process for Corrugated Steel PipeF568M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel ExternallyThreaded Metric Fasteners(Metric)(Withdrawn 2012)32.2 AASHTO Standard:4Standard Specifications for Highway BridgesLRFD Bridge Design Specifications2.3 American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association:AREMA Manual52.4 Society of Automotive Engineers:J78 Steel Self-Drilling Tapping Screws63.Terminology3.1 For definitions of general terms used in this standard,refer to Terminology A902.1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A05 on Metallic-Coated Iron and Steel Products and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA05.17 on Corrugated Steel Pipe Specifications.Current edition approved May 1,2012.Published June 2012.Originallyapproved in 1998.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A998/A998M-08.DOI:10.1520/A0998_A0998M-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.4Available from American Association of State Highway and TransportationOfficials(AASHTO),444 N.Capitol St.,NW,Suite 249,Washington,DC 20001,http:/www.transportation.org.5Available from American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-WayAssociation(AREMA),8201 Corporate Drive,Suite 1125,Landover,MD207852230.6Available from SAE International(SAE),400 Commonwealth Dr.,Warrendale,PA 15096-0001,http:/www.sae.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 branch pipecorrugated pipe with a diameter smallerthan or equal to that of the main pipe,carrying a portion of theflow and connected to the main pipe through a fitting welded inplace.3.2.2 fittingssections of main pipe fabricated to accom-modate branch pipes or manhole pipes.3.2.3 main pipecorrugated pipe carrying the primary flow.3.2.4 reinforcementsheets,bars,or structural membersconnected to the main pipe to str