ASTM_B_208_-_14.pdf

Designation:B20814Endorsed byAmerican Foundrymens SocietyStandard Practice forPreparing Tension Test Specimens for Copper Alloy Sand,Permanent Mold,Centrifugal,and Continuous Castings1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B208;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This practice establishes procedures for preparing testcoupons and specimens(machined and unmachined)for ten-sion tests of copper alloys for sand,permanent mold,centrifu-gal and continuous castings.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B846 Terminology for Copper and Copper Alloys3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of terms relating to copper alloys can befound in Terminology B846.4.Significance and Use4.1 The mechanical properties determined from test bars forsand,permanent mold,and centrifugal castings poured inaccordance with this practice represent the properties of themetal going into castings poured from the same heat.Thesemechanical properties may not be the same as the properties ofthe corresponding castings because of the solidification effectsof varying size,section,and design.4.2 Test bars for continuous castings are taken from thecastings and therefore represent the properties of the castings.5.Test Coupons5.1 Sand CastingsThe test bar coupons shall be made bythe same manufacturing process as the castings they representwherever possible.If the castings are cast entirely in greensand,partial cores shall be permitted for the test bars but in nocase shall chills be permitted.Unless otherwise agreed uponbetween the manufacturer and purchaser,test bars may bepoured in cores on a production line.The use of filters in thegating system is permitted.5.1.1 High-Shrinkage Sand-Cast AlloysThe test specimencoupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting high shrinkageduring freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form anddimensions shown in Fig.1(a or b)or 2(a or b).If specimenshaving threaded ends are to be used in the tension tests,thelength of the keel blocks in Fig.1a may be reduced to 614in.(159 mm).See Appendix X1 for SI equivalents.5.1.2 Low-Shrinkage Sand-Cast AlloysThe test specimencoupons for copper casting alloys exhibiting low shrinkageduring freezing and cooling shall be cast to the form anddimensions shown in Fig.2(Aor B),Fig.3,or Fig.4 or as maybe prescribed in the casting specifications.5.2 Centrifugal CastingsUnless otherwise specified by thepurchaser,the manufacturer shall pour the test bars in the sametype of mold as the castings themselves.That is,test bars forsand mold castings shall be poured in sand molds,and test barsfor chill mold castings shall be poured in chill molds.5.2.1 The centrifugally cast test specimen coupons shall becast to the form and dimensions of Fig.5a.5.2.2 Static test bar coupons shall be cast in open keel blockmolds as dimensioned in Fig.5b.5.3 Continuous CastingsTest bars shall be taken from thecontinuous cast product.Test bars may be taken beforemechanical straightening.5.3.1 Test bar coupons shall be taken in a longitudinaldirection from the continuous cast product at the mid-wall ofhollow castings or at one-half the distance between the centerand the side of solid castings as illustrated in Fig.6.5.3.2 For irregular shapes,the location of the test barcoupon shall be as agreed upon between the manufacturer andpurchaser.1This practice is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B05 on Copper andCopper Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B05.05 on Castingsand Ingots for Remelting.Current edition approved April 1,2014.Published May 2014.Originallyapproved in 1946.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as B208 06.DOI:10.1520/B0208-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1(a)Bottom Gating(b)Bottom Gating(Lower Weight Version)NOTE1Where this type of test bar design is used,bottom gating is recommended for alloys such as aluminum bronze,where turbulence and oxidationare factors.FIG.1 Double Keel Block Test BarB208 142 FIG.2 a Double Horizontal Full-Web Type Test BarsFIG.2 b Triple Full-Web Type Test BarB208 143(a)Gating Design for Double Vertical Full-Web or Gri