ASTM_B_871_-_01_2013.pdf

Designation:B87101(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forTear Testing of Aluminum Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B871;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the static tear test of aluminumalloy products using specimens that are 0.040 in.(1 mm)to0.250 in.(6.35 mm)thick.1.2 This test method is applicable to aluminum alloy prod-ucts having a minimum thickness of 0.040 in.(1 mm).1.3 This test method provides a measure of both notchtoughness and resistance to crack propagation with the primaryuse as a screening or merit rank test.1.4 The reliability of the tear test has been established invarious research programs by reasonably good correlationsbetween data from the tear tests and fracture toughness tests.2,3NOTE1Direct measurement of fracture toughness may be made inaccordance with Practices B645,B646 and Test Method E399.1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4B557 Test Methods for Tension Testing Wrought and CastAluminum-and Magnesium-Alloy ProductsB645 Practice for Linear-Elastic PlaneStrain FractureToughness Testing of Aluminum AlloysB646 Practice for Fracture Toughness Testing of AluminumAlloysE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-someter SystemsE338 Test Method of Sharp-Notch Tension Testing of High-Strength Sheet Materials(Withdrawn 2010)5E399 Test Method for Linear-Elastic Plane-Strain FractureToughness KIcof Metallic Materials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 initiation energy,IE(FL)the amount of energyrequired to initiate a crack in a tear specimen.Initiation energyis determined by integrating the area under the force-displacement curve from the beginning of the test to the pointof maximum force.3.1.2 propagation energy,PE(FL)the amount of energyrequired to propagate a crack in a tear specimen.Propagationenergy is determined by integrating the area under the force-displacement curve from the point of maximum force to thepoint of complete fracture.3.1.3 tear resistancea general term describing the resis-tance of a material to crack propagation under static loading,either in an elastic or plastic stress field.3.1.4 tear strength,TS(FL2)the maximum nominal di-rect and bending stress that the tear specimen is capable ofsustaining.3.1.5 tear strength to tensile yield strength ratio(TYR)theratio of the tear strength to tensile yield strength of the materialdetermined in accordance with Test Methods B557.3.1.6 unit propagation energy,UPE(FL1)the amount ofenergy required to propagate a crack across a tear specimendivided by the original net area of the specimen.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The tear test involves a single edge notched specimenthat is statically loaded through pin loading holes.The forceand displacement required to fracture the specimen are re-corded for analysis.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 on LightMetals and Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05 onTesting.Current edition approved May 1,2013.Published August 2013.Originallyapproved in 1996.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as B87101(2007).DOI:10.1520/B0871-01R13.2Kaufman,J.G.,and Holt,Marshall,“Fracture Characteristics of AluminumAlloys,”Alcoa Research Laboratories Technical Paper No.18.3Kaufman,J.G.,and Knoll,A.H.,“Kahn-Type Tear Tests and Crack Toughnessof Aluminum Sheet,”Metals Research and Standards,April 1964,pp.151155.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.5The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 4.2 Tear test specimens should be fractured using anymechanical test machine capable of quasi-static loading at acrosshead speed of 0.05 in./min(1.3 mm/min)or less.5.Significance and Use5.1 The significance of the tear test is similar to that of thenotch-tensile test,and its primary usefulness is as an indicatorof toughness or as a ranking test as described in Test MethodE338 and Practice B646.5.1.1 T