ASTM_B_557_-_15.pdf

Designation:B55715Standard Test Methods forTension Testing Wrought and Cast Aluminum-andMagnesium-Alloy Products1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B557;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 These test methods cover the tension testing of wroughtand cast aluminum-and magnesium-alloy products,with theexception of aluminum foil,2and are derived from TestMethods E8,which cover the tension testing of all metallicmaterials.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.NOTE1Foil is sheet metal less than 0.0079 in.thick.There is anoverlap in the thickness range 0.006 to 0.0079 in.defined for foil andsheet.Sheet products in this thickness range are supplied to sheet productspecifications and foil products in this thickness range are supplied to foilproduct specifications.Exceptions to the provisions of these test methodsmay need to be made in individual specifications or test methods for aparticular material.NOTE2Acomplete metric companion to Test Methods B557 has beendevelopedTest Methods B557M;therefore,no metric equivalents arepresented in these test methods.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3B209 Specification for Aluminum and Aluminum-AlloySheet and PlateE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic MaterialsE29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data toDetermine Conformance with SpecificationsE83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Exten-someter SystemsE345 Test Methods of Tension Testing of Metallic FoilE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodE1012 Practice for Verification of Testing Frame and Speci-men Alignment Under Tensile and Compressive AxialForce Application3.Terminology3.1 The definitions of terms relating to tension testingappearing in Terminology E6 shall be considered as applyingto the terms used in these test methods.4.Significance and Use4.1 Tension tests provide information on the strength andductility of materials under uniaxial tensile stresses.Thisinformation may be useful in comparisons of materials,alloydevelopment,quality control,and design under certain circum-stances.4.2 The results of tension tests of specimens machined tostandardized dimensions from selected portions of a part ormaterial may not totally represent the strength and ductilityproperties of the entire end product or its in-service behavior indifferent environments.4.3 These test methods are considered satisfactory for ac-ceptance testing of commercial shipments and have been usedextensively in the trade for this purpose.5.Apparatus5.1 Testing MachinesMachines used for tension testingshall conform to the requirements of Practices E4.The forcesused in determining tensile strength and yield strength shall bewithin the verified force application range of the testingmachine as defined in Practices E4.5.2 Gripping Devices:1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B07 onLight Metals and Alloys and are the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B07.05on Testing.Current edition approved Oct.1,2015.Published October 2015.Originallyapproved in 1971.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B557 14.DOI:10.1520/B0557-15.2For test methods of tension testing of aluminum foil,see Test Methods E345.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.2.1 GeneralVarious types of gripping devices may beused to transmit the measured load applied by the testingmachine to the test specimens.To ensure axial tensile stresswithin the gage length,the axis of the test specimen mustcoincide with the centerline of the heads of the testingmachine.Any departure from this requirement may introducebending stresses that are not included in the usual stresscomputation(load divided by cross-sectional area).NOTE3The effect of this eccentric loading may be illustrated b