ASTM_A_931_-_08_2013.pdf

Designation:A93108(Reapproved 2013)Standard Test Method forTension Testing of Wire Ropes and Strand1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A931;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the tension testing of wire ropesand strand at room temperature,specifically to determine themeasured breaking force,yield strength,elongation,and modu-lus of elasticity.Methods described in this standard are notintended for other purposes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precau-tionary statements are given in Note 1and Note 2.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A586 Specification for Zinc-Coated Parallel and HelicalSteel Wire Structural StrandA603 Specification for Zinc-Coated Steel Structural WireRopeA1023/A1023M Specification for Stranded Carbon SteelWire Ropes for General PurposesB6 Specification for ZincE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing MachinesE6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical TestingE8 Test Methods for Tension Testing of Metallic Materials2.2 ISO Standard3ISO 17558 Specification for Steel Wire Ropes SocketingProcedures Molten Metal and Resin Socketing3.Terminology3.1 The terminology relating to tensile testing in Terminol-ogy E6 applies to this test method.In addition,the followingdefinitions for wire rope will apply:3.2 Definitions:3.2.1 abrasionfrictional surface wear on the wires of awire rope.3.2.2 aggregate areasee area,metallic.3.2.3 aggregate strengththe strength derived by totalingthe individual breaking strengths of the elements of the strandor rope.This strength does not give recognition to thereduction in strength resulting from the angularity of theelements in the rope,or other factors that may affect efficiency.3.2.4 area,metallicsum of the cross-sectional areas of allwires either in a wire rope or in a strand.3.2.5 breaking forcethe maximum load at which a tensilefailure occurs in the sample of wire rope being tested.3.2.5.1 DiscussionThe term breaking force is synony-mous with actual strength.3.2.6 cablea term loosely applied to wire rope,wirestrand,and electrical conductors.3.2.7 centerthe axial member of a strand about which thewires are laid.3.2.8 classificationgroup or family designation based onwire rope constructions with common strengths and weightslisted under the broad designation.3.2.9 constructiongeometric design description of thewire ropes cross section.This includes the number of strands,the number of wires per strand,and the pattern of wirearrangement in each strand.3.2.10 corethe axial member of a wire rope about whichthe strands are laid.3.2.11 fiber corecord or rope of vegetable or syntheticfiber used as the core of a rope.3.2.12 gradewire rope or strand classification by strengthor type of material,that is,Class 3,Type 302 stainless,phosphor bronze,etc.It does not apply to strength of theindividual wires used to manufacture the rope or strand.3.2.13 independent wire rope core(IWRC)a wire ropeused as the core of a larger wire rope.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.03 on Steel Rod and Wire.Current edition approved April 1,2013.Published April 2013.Originallyapproved in 1994.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as A931 08.DOI:10.1520/A0931-08R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1Copyright by ASTM Intl(all rights reserved);3.2.14 inner wiresall wires of a strand except the outer orcover wires.3.2.15 lay(a)the manner in which the wires in a strand orthe strands in a rope are helically laid,or(b)the distancemeasured parallel to the axis of the rope(or strand)in which astrand(or wire)makes one complete helical convolution aboutthe core(or center).In this connection,lay is also referred to