ASTM_A_356_-_A_356M_-_16.pdf

Designation:A356/A356M16Standard Specification forSteel Castings,Carbon,Low Alloy,and Stainless Steel,Heavy-Walled for Steam Turbines1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A356/A356M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers one grade of martensitic stain-less steel and several grades of ferritic steel castings forcylinders(shells),valve chests,throttle valves,and otherheavy-walled castings for steam turbine applications.1.2 Optional supplementary requirements(S1 through S5)shall apply as selected by and specified by the purchaser.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in nonconformancewith the standard.1.3.1 Within the text,the SI units are shown in brackets.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testingof Steel ProductsA488/A488M Practice for Steel Castings,Welding,Qualifi-cations of Procedures and PersonnelE94 Guide for Radiographic ExaminationE125 Reference Photographs for Magnetic Particle Indica-tions on Ferrous CastingsE165 Practice for Liquid Penetrant Examination for GeneralIndustryE186 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled(2 to 412in.(50.8 to 114 mm)Steel CastingsE280 Reference Radiographs for Heavy-Walled(412to 12in.(114 to 305 mm)Steel CastingsE446 Reference Radiographs for Steel Castings Up to 2 in.(50.8 mm)in ThicknessE709 Guide for Magnetic Particle Testing2.2 Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve andFittings Industry Standard:3SP-55Quality Standard for Steel Castings for Valves,Flanges,Fittings,and Other Piping Components(VisualMethod)3.Classification3.1 The castings are furnished in the grades shown in Table1.4.Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material to this specification should includethe following information:4.1.1 A description of the casting by pattern number ordrawing(dimensional tolerances shall be included on thecasting drawing),4.1.2 Grade of steel,4.1.3 Options in the specification,and4.1.4 The supplementary requirements desired,includingthe standards of acceptance.5.Melting Process5.1 The steel shall be made by the open-hearth or electric-furnace process.5.2 Deoxidation Practice:5.2.1 Deoxidation of the carbon and low-alloy steel gradesshall be by manganese and silicon.Furnace or ladle deoxida-tion with other agents is permissible with the approval of thepurchaser.5.2.2 The purchaser may specify that no aluminum beadded.5.2.3 Vacuum deoxidation is acceptable.The specificmethod shall be subject to approval by the purchaser.6.Heat Treatment6.1 Preliminary Heat TreatmentThe castings may receivesuch preliminary heat treatment as the founder may elect toemploy.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.18 on Castings.Current edition approved Dec.1,2016.Published January 2017.Originallyapproved in 1952.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as A356/A356M 11(2016).DOI:10.1520/A0356_A0356M-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and FittingsIndustry(MSS),127 Park St.,NE,Vienna,VA22180-4602,http:/www.mss-hq.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 TABLE 1 Chemical RequirementsAComposition,%Grade/UNSNumberMaterialCarbonManganeseSiliconPhosphorus,maxSulfur,max MolybdenumChromiumNickelVanadiumColumbiumNitrogenAluminumOther1J03502carbon steel0.35Bmax0.70Bmax0.60 max0.0350.030.2J1252312%molybdenum0.25Bmax0.70Bmax0.60 max0.0350.0300.45-0.65.5J1254012%chromium,12%molybdenum0.25Bmax0.70Bmax0.60 max0.0350.0300.40-0.600.40-0.70.6J12073114%chromium,12%molybdenum0.20 max0.50-0.800.60 max0.0350.0300.45-0.651.00-1.50.8J116971%chromium,1%molybdenum,vanadium0.20 max0.50-0.900.20-0.600.0350.0300.90-1.201.00-1.50.0.05-0.15.9J216101%chromium,1%molybdenum,vanadium0.20 max0.50-0.900.20-0.600.0350.0300.90-1.201.00-1.50.0.20-0.35.10J22090214%chromium,1%molybdenum0.20 max0.50-0.800.60 max0.0350.0300.90-1.202.00-2.75.CA6NMJ91540martensic chromiumnickel0.06 max1.00 max1.00 max0.0400.0300.4-1.011.5-14.03.5-4.5.AWhere ellipses appear in this table,there is no requirement and the element need not be analyzed