ASTM_C_1451_-_11.pdf

Designation:C145111Standard Practice forDetermining Variability of Ingredients of Concrete From aSingle Source1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1451;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This practice covers a procedure for determining thevariability of properties of concrete materials from a singlesource.It includes recommendations on sampling,testing,analysis of data,and reporting.1.2 The system of units for this practice is not specified.Dimensional quantities in the practice are presented only asillustrations of calculation methods that are applicable inde-pendent of the system of units.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars(Using 2-in.or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC494/C494M Specification for Chemical Admixtures forConcreteC917 Test Method for Evaluation of Cement Strength Uni-formity From a Single SourceD75 Practice for Sampling AggregatesD3665 Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Ma-terials3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms relating to this practice refer toTerminology C125 and Terminology C219.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 grab sample,na specified quantity of material ob-tained in a single operation from a sampling unit.3.2.1.1 DiscussionThe goal of procuring a grab sample isto obtain a small portion of material that is characteristic of thatin the sampling unit.3.2.2 lot,na user-defined quantity,typically representingany amount of material for which variability information is tobe calculated.3.2.2.1 DiscussionThe minimum lot size is generally theamount of material in a single conveyance,such as a truckload,a rail-car load,or a barge load.At the other extreme,a lotmight be defined by a user as the total amount of material usedin a single construction or by a supplier as the amount ofmaterial produced over a given interval of time.3.2.3 sampling unit,namount of material from which agrab sample is taken.3.2.3.1 DiscussionGenerally a lot is subdivided into sam-pling units,and then sampling units are chosen at random fortaking of grab samples.The size of the sampling unit isuser-defined,depending on the purposes of the evaluation.Theterm sub lot is sometimes used to define this concept.4.Significance and Use4.1 This practice provides a systematic procedure for sam-pling and determining the variability of user-selected proper-ties of ingredients of concrete.Results derived from applica-tion of the practice are generally intended for information onlyand are not requirements of any existing ASTM specificationon concrete or concrete materials.A concrete materials speci-fication may make reference to this practice as a means ofobtaining variability information,but needs to define theproperties to be measured and the lot size and sample unit to beused.The practice is applicable to both producers of concretematerials and to consumers of concrete materials,althoughdetails of application of the practice may vary,depending onthe intended purpose of the user of the practice.4.2 The procedure is applicable to any quantitative propertyof any concrete ingredient that can be measured by a standard1This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Concreteand ConcreteAggregatesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.94 onEvaluation of Data(Joint C09 and C01).Current edition approved July 1,2011.Published August 2011.Originallyapproved in 1999.Last previous edition approved in 2005 as C145105.DOI:10.1520/C1451-11.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 test method.The procedure is based on grab samples,whichwill tend to show the maximum amount of variation in theselected material property.The procedure is useful if grabsamples are obtained from sampling units that are beingdelivered to the user of a material and better represents thevariability of the material used in concrete production com-pared with testing on the material for specifica