ASTM_C_1096_-_C_1096M_-_07_2011e1.pdf

Designation:C1096/C1096M07(Reapproved 2011)1Standard Test Method forDetermination of Wood Fiber in Asbestos Cement1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1096/C1096M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1NOTEUnits information was editorially corrected in January 2012.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of the cellu-lose content of asbestos-cement products.Refer to Note 1 andNote 2.1.2 Before this test method can be used for the determina-tion of other organic substances in asbestos-cement,it must beascertained that accurate results can be obtained by correlationtrials with known concentrations of the organic substances inquestion present in samples of asbestos-cement.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 WarningBreathing of asbestos dust is hazardous.Asbestos and asbestos products present demonstrated healthrisks for users and for those with whom they come into contact.In addition to other precautions,when working with asbestos-cement products,minimize the dust that results.For informa-tion on the safe use of chrysoltile asbestos,refer to“Safe Useof Chrysotile Asbestos:A Manual on Preventive and ControlMeasures.”21.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.See 1.4 for aspecific safety warning.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C114 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of HydraulicCementD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves2.2 ACS Standard:Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifica-tions43.Significance and Use3.1 The determination of wood fiber in asbestos-cementproducts is necessary because such fibers may be added whenmulti-wall paper bags containing the asbestos are included inthe batch formulations,or cellulose may be added as aprocessing aid during the manufacture of the products.3.2 Although moderate concentrations of wood fiber usuallyhave a negligible effect on product durability and performance,higher concentrations can have deleterious effects on productsexposed to moisture and thermal shocks.4.Interferences4.1 The presence of organic compounds such as surface-active processing aids and water-repellent substances thatwould produce CO2during the digestion steps of the procedurewould probably affect results.Refer to Note 1.4.2 The presence of organic pigments and organic poly-meric fibers other than cellulose could also interfere and impairaccuracy(Note 2).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C17 onFiber-Reinforced Cement Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC17.03 on Asbestos-Cement Sheet Products and Accessories.Current edition approved Nov.1,2011.Published January 2012.Originallyapproved in 1988.Last previous edition approved in 2007 as C1096 07.DOI:10.1520/C1096_C1096M-07R11E01.2Available from The Asbestos Institute,http:/ referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Chemical Society,1155 16th St.,NW,Washington,DC.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.Apparatus5.1 Sieve,a 149 m(No.100),sieve conforming to Speci-fication E11.5.2 Drying oven,ventilated,capable of maintaining 100 to105C 212 to 220F.5.3 Apparatus for determination of total carbon by directcombustion.The several types of commercially availableapparatus are generally suitable.A typical combustion trainmay include the following sequence of components:5.3.1 Source of oxygen under pressure,5.3.2 Pressure reducing valve,5.3.3 Rubber tubing,5.3.4 Scrubber for removing traces of carbon dioxide andmoisture in the oxygen,5.3.5 Manometer,5.3.6 Combustion tube,5.3.7 Electric furnace,5.3.8 Filter packed with absorbent cotton for the removal ofsolid particles,5.3.9 U-tube containing anhydrous Mg(ClO4)2,5.3.10 Absorbing bulb containing 20 to 30 mesh inert baseimpregnated with NaOH absorbing the CC,and5.3.11 Bottle containing 112SO4(sp.gr 1.84)to protect thedischarge end.6.Reagents6.1 Type III Reagent water conforming to SpecificationD1193.6.2 Hydrochloric AcidDilut