ASTM_B_822_-_17.pdf

Designation:B82217Standard Test Method forParticle Size Distribution of Metal Powders and RelatedCompounds by Light Scattering1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B822;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the particlesize distribution by light scattering,reported as volumepercent,of particulate materials including metals and com-pounds.1.2 This test method applies to analyses with both aqueousand nonaqueous dispersions.In addition,analysis can beperformed with a gaseous dispersion for materials that arehygroscopic or react with a liquid carrier.1.3 This test method is applicable to the measurement ofparticulate materials in the range of 0.4 to 2000 m,or a subsetof that range,as applicable to the particle size distributionbeing measured.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.6 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB821 Guide for Liquid Dispersion of Metal Powders andRelated Compounds for Particle Size AnalysisE1617 Practice for Reporting Particle Size CharacterizationData2.2 ISO Standard:3ISO13320-1 Particle Size AnalysisLaser DiffractionMethodsPart 1:General Principles3.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsDefinitions of powder metallurgy termscan be found in Terminology B243.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 backgroundextraneous scattering of light by ele-ments other than the particles to be measured;includesscattering by contamination in the measurement path.3.2.2Fraunhofer Diffractionthe optical theory that de-scribes the low-angle scattering of light by particles that arelarge compared to the wavelength of the incident light.43.2.3 Mie Scatteringthe complex electromagnetic theorythat describes the scattering of light by spherical particles.It isusually applied to particles with diameters that are close to thewavelength of the incident light.The real and imaginaryindices of light refraction of the particles are needed.43.2.4 multiple scatteringthe rescattering of light by aparticle in the path of light scattered by another particle.Thisusually occurs in heavy concentrations of a particle dispersion.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Aprepared sample of particulate material is dispersed inwater,or a compatible organic liquid,and circulated throughthe path of a light beam or some other suitable light source.Adry sample may be aspirated through the light in a carrier gas.The particles pass through the light beam and scatter it.Photodetector arrays collect the scattered light that is convertedto electrical signals,which are then analyzed in a micropro-cessor.The signal is converted to a size distribution usingFraunhofer Diffraction or Mie Scattering,or a combination of1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-mittee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.Current edition approved April 1,2017.Published April 2017.Originallypublished as B822 92.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as B822 10.DOI:10.1520/B0822-17.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.4Muly,E.C.,Frock,H.N.,“Industrial Particle Size Measurement Using LightScattering,”Optical Engineering,Vol 19,No 6,1980,pp.861869.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 both.Scattering inf