ASTM_A_941_-_16.pdf

Designation:A94116Standard Terminology Relating toSteel,Stainless Steel,Related Alloys,and Ferroalloys1This standard is issued under the fixed designation A941;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This standard is a compilation of definitions of termsrelated to steel,stainless steel,related alloys,and ferroalloys.1.2 When a term is used in an ASTM document for whichCommittee A01 is responsible,it is included herein only whenjudged,after review by Subcommittee A01.92,to be a gener-ally usable term.1.3 Some definitions include a discussion section,which isa mandatory part of the definition and contains additionalinformation that is relevant to the meaning of the defined term.1.4 Definitions of terms specific to a particular standard willappear in that standard and will supersede any definitions ofidentical terms in this standard.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size3.Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:Accm,Ac1,Ac3,Ac4See transformation temperature.Aecm,Ae1,Ae3,Ae4See transformation temperature.age hardening,nhardening by aging,usually after rapidcooling or cold working.age hardening,nsee precipitation hardening.aging,na change in the properties of certain steels thatoccurs at ambient or moderately elevated temperatures afterhot working or a heat treatment(quench aging,naturalaging,or artificial aging)or after a cold-working operation(strain aging).DISCUSSIONThe change in properties is often,but not always,due toprecipitation hardening,but never involves a change in the chemicalcomposition of the steel.alloy steel,na steel,other than a stainless steel,thatconforms to a specification that requires one or more of thefollowing elements,by mass percent,to have a minimumcontent equal to or greater than:0.30 for aluminum;0.0008for boron;0.30 for chromium;0.30 for cobalt;0.40 forcopper;0.40 for lead;1.65 for manganese;0.08 for molyb-denum;0.30 for nickel;0.06 for niobium(columbium);0.60for silicon;0.05 for titanium;0.30 for tungsten(wolfram);0.10 for vanadium;0.05 for zirconium;or 0.10 for any otheralloying element,except sulphur,phosphorus,carbon,andnitrogen.annealing,na generic term covering any of several heattreatments.DISCUSSIONThis treatment is used for purposes such as reducinghardness,improving machinability,facilitating cold working,produc-ing a desired microstructure,or obtaining desired mechanical,physical,or other properties.Where applicable,it is preferred that the followingmore specific terms be used:box annealing,bright annealing,fullannealing,intermediate annealing,isothermal annealing,processannealing,spheroidizing,and subcritical annealing.The term“annealing,”without qualification,implies full annealing.Any pro-cess of annealing will usually reduce stresses;however,if thetreatment is applied for the sole purpose of stress reduction,it should bedesignated stress relieving.Arcm,Ar1,Ar3,Ar4See transformation temperature.artificial aging,naging above room temperature.atmospheric corrosion resistance,nthe ability to resistdegradation or alteration of material through chemical reac-tion with the surrounding atmosphere.DISCUSSIONThis term generally pertains to carbon steel,low alloysteel,or micro-alloyed steel.austempering,nheat treatment involving quenching asteel object from a temperature above the transformationrange in a medium maintained at a temperature above themartensite range sufficiently fast to avoid the formation ofhigh temperature transformation products,and then holdingit at that temperature until transformation is complete.austenitizing,nforming austenite by heating a steel objectabove the transformation range.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel,Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeA01.92 on Terminology.Current edition approved Nov.15,2016.Published January 2017.Originallyapproved in 1995.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as A941 15.DOI:10.1520/A0941-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1 baking,nheating to a low temperature in order to removegases.