ASTM_D_1117_-_01.pdf

Designation:D 1117 01Standard Guide forEvaluating Nonwoven Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1117;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon(e)indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This guide covers procedures for testing nonwovenfabrics.The test procedures appear in the following sections:SectionAbrasion Resistance18Absorbency21Air Permeability8Breaking Force and Elongation9Bursting Strength10Conditioning7Dimensional Change20Drycleaning11Flexural Rigidity12Mass Per Unit Area(Note 2)17Resin Binder Distribution22Seam Breaking Strength13Trapezoid Tear14Tongue Tear(Single Rip)15Elmendorf Tear16Thickness19NOTE1The terms“machine”and“cross machine”must be substi-tuted for“warp”and“filling,”respectively,throughout these test methodswherever pertinent.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly and may be approximate.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 123 Terminology Relating to Textile Materials2D 737 Test Method for Air Permeability of Textile Fabrics2D 1683 Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of WovenFabrics2D 1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles2D 2724 Test Method for Bonded and Laminated ApparelFabrics2D 3776 Test Methods for Mass per Unit Area(Weight)ofWoven Fabric3D 3786 Test Method for Hydraulic Bursting Strength ofKnitted Goods and Nonwoven Fabrics:Diaphragm Burst-ing Strength Tester Method3D 3884 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Rotary Platform,Double-Head Method)4D 3885 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Flexing and Abrasion Method)3D 3886 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Inflated Diaphragm Method)3D 4158 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of TextileFabrics(Uniform Abrasion Method)3D 5034 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Grab Test)3D 5035 Test Method for Breaking Force and Elongation ofTextile Fabrics(Strip Test)3D 5729 Test Method for Thickness of Nonwoven Fabrics4D 5732 Test Method for Stiffness of Nonwoven FabricsUsing the Cantilever Test3D 5733 Test Method for Tearing Strength of NonwovenFabrics by the Trapezoid Procedure3D 5734 Test Method for Tearing Strength of NonwovenFabrics by the Falling-Pendulum(Elmendorf)Apparatus3D 5735 Test Method for Tearing Strength of NonwovenFabrics by the Tongue(Single Rip)Procedure(CRETesting)3D 5736 Test Method for Thickness of Highloft NonwovenFabrics3D 5908 Test Method for Resin Binder Distribution andBinder Penetration Analysis of Polyester Nonwoven Fab-rics3F 778 Test Methods for Gas Flow Resistance Testing ofFiltration Media52.2Other Standards:EDNA Test Method 10.3-Nonwovens Absorption3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 nonwoven fabric,na textile structure produced bybonding or interlocking of fibers,or both,accomplished by1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles andare the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.64 on Nonwoven Fabrics.Current edition approved Sept.10,2001.Published December 2001.Originallypublished as D 1117 50T.Discontinued November 1995 and reinstated as D 1117.Last previous edition D 1117 99.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 07.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 07.02.4Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 15.09.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 14.02.1Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959,United States.mechanical,chemical,thermal,or solvent means,and combi-nations thereof.3.1.1.1 DiscussionThe term does not include paper orfabrics that are woven,knitted,or tufted.3.2 For definitions of textile terms used in these testmethods,refer to Terminology D 123.4.Significance and Use4.1 Refer to the particular test method cited for the propertyof interest for specific significance and use statements.4.2 In case of a dispute arising from the differences inreported test values when using the test methods listed in thesetest methods for acceptance testing of commercial shipments,the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparativetests to determine whether a statistical bias exists between theirlaboratories.Competent statistical assistance is recommendedfor the investigation of this bias.As a minimum,the two partiesshould take a group of test specimens that are as homogeneousas possible and that are from a lot of material of the type inquestion.The test specimens should then be assigned ran-domly,in equal numbers,to each laboratory for testing