ASTM_B_417_-_13.pdf

Designation:B41713Standard Test Method forApparent Density of Non-Free-Flowing Metal Powders Usingthe Carney Funnel1This standard is issued under the fixed designation B417;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining theapparent density of non-free-flowing metal powders.It isdesigned for those metal powders that do not freely flowthrough the Hall flowmeter funnel.1.2 With the exception of the values for density and themass used to determine density,for which the use of the gramper cubic centimeter(g/cm3)and gram(g)units is the long-standing industry practice,the values in inch-pound units are tobe regarded as standard.The values given in parentheses aremathematical conversions to SI units that are provided forinformation only,and are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2B215 Practices for Sampling Metal PowdersB243 Terminology of Powder MetallurgyB873 Test Method for Measuring Volume of Apparent Den-sity Cup Used in Test Methods B 212,B 329,and B 4173.Terminology3.1 DefinitionsTerms in Terminology B243 are applicableto this test method.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Avolume of powder is permitted to flow into a containerof definite volume under controlled conditions.The mass ofpowder per unit volume is determined and reported as apparentdensity,Carney(ADC).5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method provides a guide for evaluation of animportant physical characteristic of a powder known as theapparent density.The measured apparent density bears arelationship to the mass of powder that will fill a fixed volumedie cavity.The degree of correlation between the results of thistest and the performance of powders during use may vary witheach particular application.Note,however,that the presence ofmoisture,oils,stearic acid,stearates,waxes,and the tempera-ture of the powder mass may alter the physical characteristicsof the powder.6.Apparatus6.1 Powder Flowmeter3A Carney Flowmeter(Fig.1).6.2 Density Cup3A cylindrical brass cup(Fig.2)having acapacity of 25 cm3.The actual cup volume shall be determinedaccording to Test Method B873.If the measured volume of thecup is outside the tolerance in Fig.2(25 6 0.03 cm3)the cupshall not be used.6.3 StandA stand(Fig.1)to support the powder funnelconcentric with the density cup so that the bottom of thepowder funnel is approximately 25 mm(1 in.)above the top ofthe density cup when the apparatus is assembled as shown inFig.1.6.4 WorkbenchA level,vibration-free table or workbenchto support the powder flowmeter stand.6.5 Balance,readable to 0.001 g,with a minimum capacityof 200 g capable of determining the mass to the nearest 0.01 g.6.6 Wire,approximately 2.5 mm(0.10 in.)in diameter by150 mm(6 in.)in length.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on MetalPowders and Metal Powder Productsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommit-tee B09.02 on Base Metal Powders.Current edition approved Oct.1,2013.Published September 2013.Originallyapproved in 1964.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as B417 11.DOI:10.1520/B0417-13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The sole source of supply of the flowmeter funnel,density cup,and standknown to the committee at this time is ACu Powder International,LLC.If you areaware of alternative suppliers,please provide this information to ASTM Interna-tional Headquarters.Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meetingof the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.7 Spatula or straight edgeA non-magnetic spatula orstraight edge of suitable dimensions for leveling off the excesspowder on top of the density cup.7.Test Specimen7.1 The test portion shall consist of a volume of approxi-mately 30 to 40 cm3of metal powder obtained in accordancewith Practices B215.7.2 The test portion shall be tested as sampled.Note,however,that temperature,moisture,oils,stearic acid,stearates,waxes,and so forth may alter the characteristics ofthe powder.8.Procedure8.1 Weigh the empty density cup to the nearest 0.01 g or,alternatively,place the empty