ASTM_DS39B-1975.pdf

VISCOSITY INDEX TABLES FOR CELSIUS TEMPERATURES ASTM DATA SERIES PUBLICATION DS 39B 05-039020-12 A AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1916 Race Street,Philadelphia,Pa.19103 by AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR TESTING AND MATERIALS 1975 Library of Congress Catalog Card Number:75-10096 ISBN 0-8031-0817-6 NOTE The Society is not responsible,as a body,for the statements and opinions advanced in this publication.Printed in Baltimore,Md.May 1975 February 1986 Second Printing January 1990 Third Printing November 1996 Fourth Printing Foreword These tables were prepared to provide a convenient means of obtaining the viscosity index of petroleum products and lubricants without the neces-sity of calculation.They have been prepared under the sponsorship of Research and Development Division VII on Flow Properties of ASTM Committee D-2.This publication is intended to replace the previous Viscosity Index Tables:DS 39a.Those were based on 100 and 210F as reference temperatures.These new tables are based on ASTM Method D 2270-74 for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100C.Method D 2270-74 was prepared in compliance with worldwide agreements reached within the International Standards Organization to adopt 40 and 100 Celsius as the primary reference temperatures for the viscosity deter-minations of petroleum lubricants and related products.Research and Development Division VII of ASTM Committee D-2 was requested by Technical Committee 28 of the International Standards Organization to prepare a new standard for calculating viscosity index.This was to be based on kinematic viscosities determined at 40 and 100C,and to be in agreement with the prior Method D 2270-64 using 100 and 210F.It was also requested that new Viscosity Index Tables be prepared which would obviate the necessity for detailed calculations.This publication ful-fills that request.During the interim period in which the use of 100 and 210F as reference temperatures is being phased out,either DS 39a or this new publication can be used interchangeably.W.A.Wright Past Chairman Research and Development Division vn ASTM Committee D-2 Acknowledgment of Work Personnel of Research and Development Division VII of ASTM Com-mittee D-2 responsible for the development of ASTM Standard Method D 2270-74,Calculating Viscosity Index From Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100C on which these viscosity index tables are based.W.A.Wright,Sun Oil Company A.F.Talbot,Sun Oil Company R.E.Manning,Cannon Instrument Company Introduction The tables in this publication permit direct reading of the viscosity index of a petroleum product or lubricant if its kinematic viscosities at 40 and 100C are known.Use of these tables eliminates the calculations which would be required to determine the viscosity index.Definition The viscosity index is an arbitrary number indicating the effect of change of temperature on the kinematic viscosity of an oil.A high viscosity index signifies a relatively small change of kinematic viscosity with temperature.Calculation of Viscosity Index The viscosity index of an oil is calculated from its viscosities at 40 and 100C.The procedure for the calculation is given in ASTM Method D 2270-74 for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40 and 100bC.Table 1 of the Method lists the basic viscosity values of the reference series used in the calculation.The accuracy of the calculated viscosity index obtained by the use of Method D 2270 or the tables pre-sented here is dependent on the accuracy of the viscosity determinations.It is recommended that the viscosity index be reported only to whole numbers and that the use of decimal values be avoided.Structure and Use of the Tables The tables are arranged according to the kinematic viscosity at 100C.The viscosity at 100C is given at the top of each column.The intervals for these viscosity values were selected on the basis of the importance of the size of the interval in a given viscosity range;ease of interpolation;and the size of the resulting publication.The viscosity index values are given in increments of one unit and are listed in the extreme left column.The upper limit of viscosity index decreases with increasing viscosity on the basis of practicality.The viscosities at 40C are listed in the body of the table.The use of the tables is illustrated by the following examples:Example 1 What is the viscosity index of an oil for which the observed kinematic viscosities are 79.61 cSt at40C and 9.12 cSt at 100C?Enter the table in the column headed 9.12 under Kinematic Viscosity at 100C.Go down this column to the value 79.61.The left hand column on the same line gives the value 87.This is the viscosity index of the oil.Example 2 What is the kinematic viscosity of an oil at 40 C which is required for an oil of 13.60 cSt at 100C and 125 viscosity index?Enter the column headed 13.60 cSt at 100C and proceed down the column to the line at which 125 appears in the left hand column.The value found is 107.7