ASTM_C_810_-_90_2016.pdf

Designation:C81090(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forNickel on Steel for Porcelain Enameling by X-Ray EmissionSpectrometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C810;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONIt is important that a nickel layer,of the proper amount,be applied to steel parts prior to applyinga direct-on covercoat porcelain enamel(i.e.,no groundcoat underneath).This standard test is todetermine the amount of nickel on the steel using Xray emission spectrometry.There is also analternative wet chemical method Test Method C715.In some cases both tests may be run to developcomparative data.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the measurement of the amountof nickel deposited on sheet steel during its preparation forporcelain enameling.It is an X-ray emission method used fortesting sample panels or certain commercial parts.NOTE1An alternative wet chemical method is Test Method C715.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas the standard.The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specifichazards statement,see Section 7.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C715 Test Method for Nickel on Steel for Porcelain Enam-eling by Photometric Analysis3.Summary of Test Method3.1 Steel samples coated with a light nickel deposit areinserted in the sample position of an X-ray spectrometer.Thecount rate for nickel is measured and converted by means of acalibration curve to g/m2(g/f2).NOTE21 m2=10.75 ft2.Industry usage is typically in mixed units,grams per square foot.For example,0.10 g/ft2equals a little more than 1g/m2.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method is an accurate and rapid means formeasuring nickel deposits on steel sample plates and such partsthat can be fitted into the X-ray spectrometer.Its accuracyextends over a wide range of nickel deposits.5.Interferences5.1 There are no interferences from other elements present.However,low values can result from absorption of the X raysby overlaying material.Grease on the sample or rust due tostorage in humid areas are examples of such material.Lowresults are also obtained on de-enameled samples because thenickel deposit is converted to a nickel iron alloy at enamelingtemperatures.The presence of the iron in the alloy layerabsorbs some of the X radiation and accounts for the lowerresult.6.Apparatus6.1 Suitable X-Ray Emission Spectrometer complete with50-kV power supply goniometer,detector with pressure-regulated gas flow attachments,scaler-counter,lithium fluorideanalyzing crystal,and 0.02 Soller slit collimator is required.3About a 1-in.(25.4-mm)diameter area of the sample isirradiated.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B08 on Metallicand Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 onMaterials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 1975.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C810 90(2011)1.DOI:10.1520/C0810-90R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Available from the following:(1)Philips Electronic Instruments,750 S.FultonAve.,Mount Vernon,NY 10550;(2)Siemens Corp.,Medical Industrial Div.,186Wood Ave.,South,Iselin,NJ 08831;and(3)Diano Corp.,X-ray Div.,2 LowellAve.,Winchester,MA 01890.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.2 Special Sample Holder(Fig.1),to permit insertion of a2 by 2-in.(51 by 51-mm)flat corner of a large flat sample.Alternatively,the standard sample holder supplied with theequipment may be used,but the sample must be cut to 1.5 by1.25 in.(38 by 32-mm).6.3 Steel Sheets with various amounts of nickel deposits arerequired for calibration and standardization.6.4 Nickel-Base Alloy Sample,such as 18-8 stainless steel,for routine calibration.7.Hazards7.1 Equipment should be periodically checked for radiationleaks to ensure against exposure to X radiation.8.Calibration and Standardization8.1 Prepare approximately 18 standard plates by cleaningand pickling 4 by 6 in.(102 by 152 mm)commercialenameling iron stock(any steel used in commercial enamelingoperations may be used)and applying nickel in the conven-tional manner for varying treatment times