ASTM_D_1044_-_13.pdf

Designation:D104413Standard Test Method forResistance of Transparent Plastics to Surface Abrasion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1044;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method describes a procedure for estimatingthe resistance of transparent plastics to one kind of surfaceabrasion by measuring the change in optical properties.1.2 Abrasive damage is visually judged and numericallyquantified by calculating the difference in haze percentage inaccordance with Test Method D1003 between an abraded andunabraded specimen.1.3 CS-10F wheels manufactured between October 2002and September 2004 have been found to give different resultsthan historical values.Comparisons of data using these wheelsshould be made with caution.Results using wheels made afterSeptember 2004 have agreed with those obtained beforeOctober 2002.1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.NOTE1This test method is equivalent in the measurement ofresistance to abrasion of ISO 3537,Section 7 and ISO 15082,Section 11,but is not equivalent in any other measurement or section.This testmethod is not equivalent to ISO 9352,and results cannot be directlycompared between the two methods.NOTE2This test method is similar to ANSI/SAE Z26.1,Test 17.NOTE3Prior attempts to employ the Taber Abraser for volume lossdeterminations of various plastics2have been unsuccessful because ofexcessively large coefficients of variation attributed to the data.Insuffi-cient agreement among the participating laboratories has rendered the useof volume loss procedure inadvisable as an ASTM test method.NOTE4For determining the resistance to abrasion of organic coatingsby weight loss,reference is made to Test Method D4060,which uses moreaggressive CS-10 or CS-17 abrasive wheels.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittanceof Transparent PlasticsD4000 Classification System for Specifying Plastic Materi-alsD4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of OrganicCoatings by the Taber AbraserE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodG195 Guide for Conducting Wear Tests Using a RotaryPlatform Abraser2.2 ISO Standards:4ISO 3537 Road VehiclesSafety Glazing MaterialsMechanical TestsISO 9352 PlasticsDetermination of Resistance to Wear byAbrasive WheelsISO 15082 Road VehiclesTests for Rigid Plastic SafetyGlazing Materials2.3 ANSI Standards:4ANSI/SAE Z26.1 Safety Glazing Materials for GlazingMotor Vehicle and Motor Vehicle Equipment Operatingon Land HighwaysAbrasion Resistance,Test 17(Plas-tics)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 abrasionabrasive wear caused by displacement orrearrangement of a softer material due to rubbing or scuffingagainst hard sharp particles.3.1.2 hazeIn accordance with Test Method D1003,thatpercentage of transmitted light which in passing through thespecimen deviates from the incident beam by forward scatter-ing.For the purpose of this test method,only light fluxdeviating more than 0.044 rad(2.5)on the average isconsidered to be haze.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D20 on Plasticsand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.10 on Mechanical Properties.Current edition approved Sept.1,2013.Published September 2013.Originallyapproved in 1949.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D1044-081.DOI:10.1520/D1044-13.2Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters.Request RR:D20-48and RR:D20-1090.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute(ANSI),25 W.43rd St.,4th Floor,New York,NY 10036,http:/www.ansi.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.3 refacepreparation of an abrasive wheel on a condi-tioning stone prior to use in testing.3.1.4 wheelan abrasive wheel consisting of hard particles(aluminum oxide)embedded in resilient binder.4.Significance and Use4.1 Transparent plastic materials,when used as windows orenclosures,are subject