ASTM_D_1092_-_20.pdf

Designation:D109220Standard Test Method forMeasuring Apparent Viscosity of Lubricating Greases1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1092;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers measurement,in poises,of theapparent viscosity of lubricating greases in the temperaturerange from 54 C to 38 C(65 F to 100 F).Measurementsare limited to the range from 25 P to 100 000 P at 0.1 s1and1 P to 100 P at 15 000 s1.NOTE1At very low temperatures the shear rate range may be reducedbecause of the great force required to force grease through the smallercapillaries.Precision has not been established below 10 s1.1.2 This standard uses inch-pound units as well as SI(acceptable metric)units.The values stated first are to beregarded as standard.The values given in parentheses are forinformation only.The capillary dimensions in SI units in Fig.A1.1 and Fig.A1.2 are standard.1.3 Thistestmethodusesmercurythermometers.WARNINGMercury has been designated by many regula-tory agencies as a hazardous substance that can cause seriousmedical issues.Mercury,or its vapor,has been demonstrated tobe hazardous to health and corrosive to materials.Use cautionwhen handling mercury and mercury-containing products.Seethe applicable product Safety Data Sheet(SDS)for additionalinformation.The potential exists that selling mercury ormercury-containing products,or both,is prohibited by local ornational law.Users must determine legality of sales in theirlocation.The responsible subcommittee,D02.G0,continues toexplore alternatives to eventually replace the mercury ther-mometers.1.3.1 In addition,temperature measuring devices such asliquid-in-glass thermometers(Specifications E1 and E2251),thermocouples,thermistors,or platinum resistance thermom-eters that provide equivalent or better accuracy and precision,that cover the temperature range for ASTM thermometer 49C,may be used.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1.5 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D88 Test Method for Saybolt ViscosityD217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of LubricatingGreaseD3244 Practice for Utilization of Test Data to DetermineConformance with SpecificationsE1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass ThermometersE2251 Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermom-eters with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 apparent viscosity,nof a lubricating grease is theratio of shear stress to shear rate calculated from Poiseuillesequation,and is measured in poises(see 10.1).3.1.2 capillary,nFor the purpose of this test method,acapillary is any right cylindrical tube having a length todiameter ratio of 40 to 1.3.1.3 shear rate,nthe rate at which a series of adjacentlayers of grease move with respect to each other;proportionalto the linear velocity of flow divided by the capillary radius,and is thus expressed as reciprocal seconds.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The sample is forced through a capillary by means of afloating piston actuated by the hydraulic system.From the1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.G0.02 on Consistency and Related Rheological Tests.Current edition approved June 1,2020.Published September 2020.Originallyapproved in 1950.Last previous edition approved in 2019 as D1092 19.DOI:10.1520/D1092-20.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barri