ASTM_D_1107_-_21.pdf

Designation:D110721Standard Test Method forEthanol-Toluene Solubility of Wood1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1107;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the determination of theethanol-toluene soluble content of wood,which is a measure ofthe waxes,fats,resins,and oils,plus tannins and certain otherether-insoluble components.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety,health,and environmental practices and deter-mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to us-e.Specific precautionary statements are given in 4.1.1.3 This international standard was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recom-mendations issued by the World Trade Organization TechnicalBarriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.2.Significance and Use2.1 The ethanol-toluene extract of wood consists of thesoluble materials not generally considered part of the woodpolymeric structure.They are primarily the waxes,fats,resins,and some gums,as well as some water-soluble substances.Theamounts are influenced by seasoning and drying.3.Apparatus3.1 Filtering Crucibles,Alundum or fritted-glass filteringcrucibles of coarse porosity.3.2 Extraction ApparatusA compact form of Soxhlet ex-traction apparatus,with ground-glass joints,is preferable.Theapparatus shall consist of the following items:3.2.1 Soxhlet Extraction Flask,having a capacity of 250mL.3.2.2 Soxhlet Extraction Tube,45 to 50 mm in insidediameter,having a capacity to the top of the siphon ofapproximately 100 mL and a siphon tube approximately 55mm in height.Extraction tubes of these dimensions siphonmore rapidly than extractors with higher siphon tubes.3.2.3 Condenser,of the Hopkins inner-cooled type.4.Reagent4.1 Ethanol-Toluene SolutionMix 1.0 L of absolute etha-nol and 427 mL of toluene.(WarningAvoid inhalation ofvapors and contact with skin.)5.Test Specimen5.1 The test specimen shall consist of 2 g of air-driedsawdust or milled wood that has been ground to pass a 425-m(40 mesh)sieve and be retained on a 250-m(60 mesh)sieve.6.Procedure6.1 Weigh two 2-g test specimens in tared Alundum orfritted-glass crucibles.Dry one specimen in an oven for 2 h at100 to 105C,then place in a loosely stoppered weighingbottle,cool in a desiccator,and weigh.Continue the drying for1-h periods until the weight is constant.Calculate the propor-tions of moisture-free sawdust in the air-dry specimen.6.2 Place the other specimen in a Soxhlet extraction appa-ratus having a tared Soxhlet extraction flask.Set a small disk offine-mesh screen wire in the top of the crucible to prevent lossof specimen.Extract with 150 mL of ethanol-toluene solutionfor 6 to 8 h,keeping the liquid boiling briskly.This shouldprovide four to six siphonings per hour.6.3 After evaporating the solvent from the extraction flask,dry the flask and contents in an oven for 1 h at 100 to 105C,cool in a desiccator,and weigh.Continue the drying until thereis no further loss in weight.7.Calculation and Report7.1 Report the results as weight percentage of ethanol-toluene soluble matter in the moisture-free wood,calculated asfollows:Ethanol2 toluene soluble matter,%5W2/W1P!3100(1)where:W2=weight of dried extract,in 6.3,W1=weight of test specimen used in 6.2,and1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D07 on Woodand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D07.01 on Fundamental TestMethods and Properties.Current edition approved Feb.1,2021.Published March 2021.Originallyapproved in 1950.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as D1107 96(2013).DOI:10.1520/D1107-21.2This standard was originally based upon TAPPI Standard Method T 204 os-76,which has been replaced by T 204 cm-17.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade(TBT)Committee.1P=proportion of moisture-free wood in the air-dry speci-men(7.1).7.2 The results shall be based on the average of at least twodeterminations.8.Precision and Bias38.1 Data obtained in a round robin test involving fivelaboratories indicate a repeatability of 11%and a reproduc-ibility of 20%.8.2 Bias is unknown.9.Keywords9.1 ethanol-toluene;woodASTM Internation