ASTM_C_939_-_C_939M_-_16a.pdf

Designation:C939/C939M16aStandard Test Method forFlow of Grout for Preplaced-Aggregate Concrete(Flow ConeMethod)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C939/C939M;the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers a procedure,used both in thelaboratory and in the field,for determining the time of efflux ofa specified volume of fluid hydraulic cement grout through astandardized flow cone and used for preplaced-aggregate(PA)concrete;however,the test method may also be used for otherfluid grouts.1.2 It is for use with neat grout and with grouts containingfine aggregate all passing a 2.36-mm(No.8)sieve.1.3 This test method is intended for use with grout havingan efflux time of 35 s or less.1.4 When efflux time exceeds 35 s,flowability is betterdetermined by flow table,found in Test Method C109/C109M,using 5 drops in 3 s.1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.Some values have only SI units because theinch-pound equivalents are not used in practice(Note 1).NOTE1Sieve size is identified by its standard designation in Speci-fication E11.The alternative designation given in parentheses is forinformation only and does not represent a different standard sieve size.1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars(Using 2-in.or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC938 Practice for Proportioning Grout Mixtures forPreplaced-Aggregate ConcreteE11 Specification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSieves3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminologies C125 and C219.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 The time of efflux of a specified volume of grout from astandardized flow cone is measured.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is applicable to the determination ofthe fluidity of various fluid grout mixtures.6.Interferences6.1 The presence of solid particles retained on the 2.36-mm(No.8)sieve or lumps of unmixed material in the grout maycause the grout to flow unevenly through the discharge tube ofthe flow cone or stop the flow completely.Uneven flow willresult in slower transit of the grout,thereby indicating a falseconsistency.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committe C09 on Concreteand Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C09.41on Hydraulic Cement Grouts.Current edition approved Aug.1,2016.Published October 2016.Originallyapproved in 1981.Last previous edition approved in 2016 as C939 16.DOI:10.1520/C0939-16A.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Apparatus7.1 Flow Cone,with dimensions as shown in Fig.1.Thedischarge tube shall be stainless steel.The body can bestainless steel,cast aluminum,or other essentially non-corroding metal.NOTE2Cones with high-density polyethylene bodies are acceptablefor field use in situations where precision as described in this test methodis not required.7.2 Receiving Container,capacity 2000 mL,minimum.7.3 Ring Stand or other device,capable of supporting theflow cone in a vertical,steady position over the receivingcontainer.7.4 Level,carpenters or similar.7.5 Stop Watch,least reading of not more than 0.2 s.7.6 Grout Mixer,conforming to Practice C938 or as requiredby the specifier of the tests(See Note 3).NOTE3The type of mixer used will impact the test results of a givengrout mixture.8.Test Sample8.1 The grout test sample shall be in excess of 1725 mL andshall be representative of the grout in the mixer.8.2 When sampling and testing is being done for thepurpose of proportioning or comparing mixes or for qualifyingmaterials,the temperature of the dry materia