ASTM_C_872_-_10_2015.pdf

Designation:C87210(Reapproved 2015)Standard Test Method forLead and Cadmium Release from Porcelain EnamelSurfaces1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C872;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONThis test method covers the precise determination of lead or cadmium extracted by acetic acid fromporcelain enamel surfaces.The procedure of extraction may be expected to accelerate the release oflead or cadmium and to serve,therefore,as a severe test that is unlikely to be matched under actualconditions of usage.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers the precise determination oflead and cadmium extracted by acetic acid from porcelainenamel surfaces.1.2 Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.Inch-pound units are given for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C738 Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Extracted fromGlazed Ceramic SurfacesD1193 Specification for Reagent Water3.Summary of Test Method3.1 The lead and cadmium extracted from the article undertest by acetic acid at 20 to 24C(68 to 75F)after 24 h ofleaching are measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometryusing a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead and cadmiumrespectively.4.Significance and Use4.1 The determination of lead and cadmium release fromporcelain enamel surfaces was formerly of interest only tomanufacturers of porcelain enamel cookware and similar foodservice products.Food contact surfaces of these container-typeproducts have been evaluated using a test procedure similar toTest Method C738.Recently,however,there has been a need tomeasure lead and cadmium release from flat or curved porce-lain enamel surfaces that are not capable of being evaluated bya test similar to Test Method C738.5.Interferences5.1 Since a specific hollow cathode lamp for lead andcadmium is used,there are no interferences.6.Apparatus6.1 Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer,equipped with a102-mm(4-in.)single slot or Boling burner head and digitalconcentration readout attachment(DCR)if available.3Thisinstrument should have a sensitivity of about 0.5 mg/L of leadfor 1%absorption and a sensitivity of about 0.03 mg/L ofcadmium for 1%absorption.The operating conditions asspecified in the instrument manufacturers analytical methodsmanual shall be used.NOTE1ppm,mg/L,and g/mL are equivalent units.6.2 Hollow Cathode Lead Lamp,with wavelength set at283.3 or 217.0 nm.6.3 Hollow Cathode Cadmium Lamp,with wavelength setat 228.8 nm.6.4 Glassware of chemically resistant borosilicate glass,tomake reagents and solutions.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee B08 on Metallicand Inorganic Coatings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee B08.12 onMaterials for Porcelain Enamel and Ceramic-Metal Systems.Current edition approved May 1,2015.Published June 2015.Originallyapproved in 1977.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C872 10.DOI:10.1520/C0872-10R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Perkin-Elmer model 303 and Jarrell-Ash model 82-546 have been foundsuitable for this determination.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.5 Test Cell,suitable for the containment of the leachingsolution on a flat porcelain enamel surface.A cell that hasproved suitable for this purpose is shown in Fig.1.7.Reagents7.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are available.4Other grades may beused provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.7.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated,referencesto water shall be understood to mean distilled water(seeSpecification D1193).7.3 Acetic Acid(4%by volume)Mix 1 volume of glacialacetic acid with 24 volumes of water.4Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,AmericanChemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.