ASTM_C_559_-_16.pdf

Designation:C55916An American National StandardStandard Test Method forBulk Density by Physical Measurements of ManufacturedCarbon and Graphite Articles1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C559;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the determination of the bulkdensity of manufactured articles of carbon and graphite of atleast 500 mm3volume.The bulk density is calculated to anaccuracy of 0.25%,using measurements of mass and dimen-sions in air at 25 C 6 5 C.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2IEEE/ASTM SI-10 Standard for Use of the InternationalSystem of Units(SI)(the Modern Metric System)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 bulk density,nin carbon and graphite technology,the mass of a unit volume of material including both permeableand impermeable voids(and boron compounds in the case ofboronated carbon or boronated graphite)present in the materialat room temperature.4.Significance and Use4.1 Bulk density as determined by this test method is a basicmaterial property of importance in manufacturing and applica-tion of carbon and graphite.4.2 This test method can be used for quality and processcontrol,material characterization and description,and otherpurposes.5.Preparation of Test Specimens5.1 Machine test specimens from the manufactured articlein the form of a rectangular parallelepiped or a right circularcylinder.The minimum mass of the specimen shall be 2000times the sensitivity of the balance used to weigh the specimen,and the volume of the specimen shall not be less than 500 mm3.The minimum dimension of the specimen shall be the larger of:5.1.1 Ten times the length of the largest visible particle,and5.1.2 2000 times the resolution of the device used formeasuring the dimension.5.2 During the machining operation,use no lubricant havinga boiling point above 100 C.All corners,edges,and faces ofthe specimen should be free of chips or gouges.Ensure that thespecimen is free of any residue from the machining operation.Dry the specimen for a minimum of 2 h at 110 C,and thenallow it to cool to 25 C 6 5 C in a desiccator.The specimenshall not be removed from the desiccator until immediatelyprior to weighing.6.Procedure6.1 Weigh the specimen to an accuracy of 0.05%using abalance or scale.During the weighing operation,handle thespecimen with soft-tipped tongs.6.2 Measure each dimension of the test specimen to anaccuracy of 0.05%.6.2.1 If the specimen is a rectangular parallelepiped,makefour measurements of the length(longest dimension).Takeeach measurement along the center of each of the four longfaces of the specimen.Measure the width and thickness at eachend and at two intermediate points along the length of thespecimen.Determine the mean of each dimension.6.2.2 If the specimen is a right circular cylinder,measure thelength at four points,90 apart on the periphery of the circularend faces.Make two sets of diameter measurements.Each setshall consist of four measurements,one at each end and two atintermediate points along an axial line.These sets shall lie at90 to each other.Determine the mean length and the mean ofeach of the two sets of diameter measurements.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.Current edition approved Jan.1,2016.Published February 2016.Originallyapproved in 1968.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C559 90(2010).DOI:10.1520/C0559-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.Calculation7.1 Convert the mass to milligrams and the dimensions tomillimetres,or convert the mass to megagrams and thedimensions to metres.Conversion factors are available inIEEE/ASTM SI-10.7.2 The volume of the specimen may be calculated asfollows:For a rectangular parallelepiped:V 5 l wt(1)where:V=volume,mm3(or m3),l=mean length,mm(or m),w=mean width,mm(or m),andt=mean thickness,mm(