ASTM_C_688_-_14.pdf

Designation:C68814Standard Specification forFunctional Additions for Use in Hydraulic Cements1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C688;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This specification covers methods to investigate theeffectiveness of a material to beneficially change the propertiesof hydraulic cements when the material is incorporated duringmanufacture of the cement.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 The effect of additions in cement may markedly changeproperties other than those they are intended to modify.Thisspecification is designed to test for such changes.Table 1 setsforth values for those properties of cement pastes and mortarsthat would permit a judgment of the changes effected by anaddition.Likewise,Table 2 sets forth similar criteria forconcrete.Certain additions may be found effective for morethan one purpose as indicated in 3.1.4 and 3.1.5.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C10/C10M Specification for Natural CementC39/C39M Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylin-drical Concrete SpecimensC78 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete(UsingSimple Beam with Third-Point Loading)C109/C109M Test Method for Compressive Strength ofHydraulic Cement Mortars(Using 2-in.or 50-mm CubeSpecimens)C143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC150 Specification for Portland CementC151 Test Method for Autoclave Expansion of HydraulicCementC157/C157M Test Method for Length Change of HardenedHydraulic-Cement Mortar and ConcreteC187 Test Method for Amount of Water Required for Nor-mal Consistency of Hydraulic Cement PasteC219 Terminology Relating to Hydraulic CementC226 Specification for Air-Entraining Additions for Use inthe Manufacture of Air-Entraining Hydraulic CementC232 Test Methods for Bleeding of ConcreteC234 Test Method for Comparing Concretes on the Basis ofthe Bond Developed with Reinforcing Steel(Discontinued2000)(Withdrawn 2000)3C266 Test Method for Time of Setting of Hydraulic-CementPaste by Gillmore NeedlesC403/C403M Test Method for Time of Setting of ConcreteMixtures by Penetration ResistanceC451 Test Method for Early Stiffening of Hydraulic Cement(Paste Method)C465 Specification for Processing Additions for Use in theManufacture of Hydraulic CementsC595 Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC596 Test Method for Drying Shrinkage of Mortar Contain-ing Hydraulic CementC666/C666M Test Method for Resistance of Concrete toRapid Freezing and ThawingC845 Specification for Expansive Hydraulic CementC1157 Performance Specification for Hydraulic Cement3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accelerating additiona functional addition that ac-celerates the setting or early strength,or both,of concrete andmortar.3.1.2 retarding additiona functional addition that retardsthe setting of concrete and mortar.3.1.3 set-control additiona functional addition composedessentially of calcium sulfate in any hydration state fromCaSO4to CaSO42H2O.3.1.4 water-reducing additiona functional addition usedto reduce the quantity of mixing water required to produceconcrete and mortar of a given consistency.3.1.5 water-reducing and accelerating additiona func-tional addition that reduces the quantity of mixing water1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 onCement and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C01.20 on Additions.Current edition approved Feb.1,2014.Published March 2014.Originallyapproved in 1971.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C688 08.DOI:10.1520/C0688-14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced onwww.astm.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 required to produce concrete of a given consistency and thataccelerates the setting or early strength development,or both,of concrete and mortar.3.1.6 water-reducing and retarding additiona functionaladdition that reduces the quantity of mixing water required toproduce concrete and mortar of a given consistency andsimultaneously retards the setting of concrete and mortar.NOTE1This section is intended to provide a specification that may beapplied to calcium sulfates as defined in Terminology C219.NOTE2It should be realized that some calcium sulfates,particularlysome byproduct calcium sulfates,have produced cements with undesiredset behavior