ASTM_C_1220_-_10.pdf

Designation:C122010Standard Test Method forStatic Leaching of Monolithic Waste Forms for Disposal ofRadioactive Waste1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1220;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method provides a measure of the chemicaldurability of a simulated or radioactive monolithic waste form,such as a glass,ceramic,cement(grout),or cermet,in a testsolution at temperatures 100C under low specimen surface-area-to-leachant volume(S/V)ratio conditions.1.2 This test method can be used to characterize the disso-lution or leaching behaviors of various simulated or radioactivewaste forms in various leachants under the specific conditionsof the test based on analysis of the test solution.Data from thistest are used to calculate normalized elemental mass lossvalues from specimens exposed to aqueous solutions at tem-peratures 100C.1.3 The test is conducted under static conditions in aconstant solution volume and at a constant temperature.Thereactivity of the test specimen is determined from the amountsof components released and accumulated in the solution overthe test duration.Awide range of test conditions can be used tostudymaterialbehavior,includingvariousleachantcomposition,specimen surface area-to-leachant volume ratios,temperatures,and test durations.1.4 Three leachant compositions and four reference testmatrices of test conditions are recommended to characterizematerials behavior and facilitate interlaboratory comparisonsof tests results.1.5 Specimen surfaces may become altered during this test.Although not part of the test method,it is recommended thatthese altered surface regions be examined to characterizechemical and physical changes due to the reaction of wasteforms during static exposure to solutions.1.6 This test method is not recommended for evaluatingmetallic materials,the degradation of which includes oxidationreactions that are not controlled by this test method.1.7 This test method must be performed in accordance withall applicable quality assurance requirements for acceptance ofthe data.1.8 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.For a specifichazard statement,see 7.3.2.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C1109 Practice for Analysis of Aqueous Leachates fromNuclear Waste Materials Using Inductively CoupledPlasma-Atomic Emission SpectroscopyC1174 Practice for Prediction of the Long-Term Behavior ofMaterials,Including Waste Forms,Used in EngineeredBarrier Systems(EBS)for Geological Disposal of High-Level Radioactive WasteD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of Water2.2 EPA Document:3SW-846A Test Methods for Evaluating Solid Waste,Physical/Chemical Methods3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 accumulated dose,nthe sum of the absorbed dosesreceived by the system considered regardless of whether it isexposed to radiation in a continuous or discontinuous fashion.3.1.2 accuracy,nthe closeness of agreement between anindividual result and an accepted reference value.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.07 on WasteMaterials.Current edition approved June 1,2010.Published July 2010.Originally approvedin 1992.Last previous edition approved in 2004 as C1220 98(2004).DOI:10.1520/C1220-10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3SW846A,3rd Ed.,Revision 1,U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,Washington,DC,December 1987.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.1.3 actinide,nany element with atomic number of 89 to103.3.1.4 bias of a measurement process,na consistent orsystematic difference between a set of test results obtainedfrom the process when measuring a property and the acceptedreference value of the property being measured.3.1.5 chemical durability,nin leach tests,the resistance ofa material to alteration,dissolution and release of itsconstituents,under the specific conditions of the test.3.1.6 closed system,na system utilizing a test containerthat is impervious to material transport.3.1.7 dissolution,nthe result of reactions in which chemi-cal bonds are broken and species