ASTM_D_1070_-_03_2010.pdf

Designation:D107003(Reapproved 2010)Standard Test Methods forRelative Density of Gaseous Fuels1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1070;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of relativedensity of gaseous fuels,including liquefied petroleum gases,in the gaseous state at normal temperatures and pressures.Thetest methods specified are sufficiently varied in nature so thatone or more may be used for laboratory,control,reference,gasmeasurement,or in fact,for any purpose in which it is desiredto know the relative density of gas or gases as compared to thedensity of dry air at the same temperature and pressure.1.2 The procedures appear in the following sections:SectionMethod A,Ac-Me Gravity Balance7 9Method B,Ranarex Recording and Indicating Gravitometer10-11Method C,UGC Gravitometer12 14NOTE1The test methods and apparatus described herein are repre-sentative of methods and apparatus used broadly in industry.Manufactur-ers instructions for specific models should be consulted for further detailsand as supplements to the information presented here.In addition toinstrumentation described below additional equally accurate and satisfac-tory instruments may be available.1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D5503 Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Con-ditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation23.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 densitymass per unit of volume of the fuel gas or airbeing considered.3.1.2 gaseous fuelmaterial to be tested,as sampled,with-out change of composition by drying or otherwise.3.1.3 relative densityratio of the density of the gaseousfuel,under the observed conditions of temperature andpressure,to the density of dried air,of normal carbon dioxidecontent,at the same temperature and pressure.3.1.3.1 DiscussionIn these test methods the term“relativedensity”has replaced the term“specific gravity.”The term,specific gravity,as used in a previous edition of these testmethods,was used incorrectly.3.1.4 relative humidityratio of actual pressure of existingwater vapor to maximum possible pressure of water vapor inthe atmosphere at the same temperature,expressed as apercentage.4.Summary of Test Methods4.1 Displacement BalancesThis test method is based onthe balancing of the weight of a fixed volume of gas atatmospheric pressure against the weight of dry air across thecenter of gravity of a balance beam.The amount of this“deflection,”subject to correction,for humidity,high CO2content or other factor measures the relative density.Instru-ments of this class may be either visual or chart recording.4.2 Kinetic EnergyThis test method measures the ratio ofthe change in kinetic energy between an impeller and animpulse wheel operating in gas and a second impeller andimpulse wheel operating in a reference gas(generally air).Therelative torque of the impulse wheels is measured and providesa value for relative density since the relative torque is propor-tional to the gas and air densities.5.Significance and Use5.1 These test methods provide accurate and reliable meth-ods to measure the relative density of gaseous fuels on anintermittent or continuous basis.These measurements arefrequently used for regulatory or contract compliance custodytransfer and process control.1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D03 onGaseous Fuels and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D03.03 onDetermination of Heating Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels.Current edition approved May 1,2010.Published July 2010.Originally approvedin 1952.Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D1070 03.DOI:10.1520/D1070-03R10.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 6.Sampling6.1 The sample shall be representative of the gas to bemeasured and shall be taken from its source without change inform or composition.Sampling of natural gases should be inaccordance with Practice D5503.METHOD AAcMe GRAVITY