ASTM_C_71_-_12.pdf

Designation:C7112Standard Terminology Relating toRefractories1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C71;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology covers terms particularly related torefractories and encompasses raw materials,manufacture,finished products,applications,and testing procedures.1.2 When any of the definitions in this terminology arequoted or published out of context,editorially insert thelimiting phrase“in refractories”after the dash following theterm to properly limit the field of application of the term anddefinition.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C24 Test Method for Pyrometric Cone Equivalent(PCE)ofFireclay and High Alumina Refractory MaterialsC181 Test Method for Workability Index of Fireclay andHigh-Alumina Refractory PlasticsC401 Classification of Alumina and Alumina-SilicateCastable RefractoriesC416 Classification of Silica Refractory BrickC456 Test Method for Hydration Resistance of Basic Bricksand ShapesC492 Test Method for Hydration of Granular Dead-BurnedRefractory DolomiteC860 Test Method for Determining the Consistency ofRefractory Castable Using the Ball-In-Hand TestC909 Practice for Dimensions of a Modular Series of Re-fractory Brick and Shapes3.Significance and Use3.1 This terminology ensures that terms peculiar to refrac-tories are adequately defined so that other standards in whichsuch terms are used can be understood and interpreted prop-erly.3.2 This terminology is useful to those who are not conver-sant with the terms related to refractories.However,it is also aready reference for those directly associated with refractoriesto resolve differences and ensure commonality of usage,particularly in the preparation of ASTM standards.3.3 Although this terminology is intended to promote uni-formity in the usage of terms related to refractories,it cannever be complete because new terms are constantly arising.The existence of this terminology does not preclude the use ormisuse of any term in another context.4.Terminology4.1 Definitions:abrasion of refractories,nwearing away of refractorysurfaces by the scouring action of moving solids.acid refractories,n see refractories,acid.alumina-chromia brick,na refractory brick,which may beburned or unburned,manufactured predominantly of a mix-ture of a high-alumina raw material and chromic oxide(Cr2O3),with the alumina(Al2O3)content being 50%orgreater by weight and with chromic oxide(Cr2O3)predomi-nating by weight among the other constituent oxides.angle of repose,nthe acute angle measured from thehorizontal to the slope of a cone-shaped pile of free-flowingmaterial.anthracite-coal-base carbon refractory,nsee carbonrefractory,anthracite-coal-base.basic refractories,n see refractories,basic.bat,vto reject or discard a brick or shape.binder,na substance added to a granular material to give itworkability and green or dry strength.bloating of refractories,vsubstantial swelling produced bya heat treatment that causes the formation of a vesicularstructure.bond fireclay,nsee fireclay,plastic or bond.burn,vthe heat treatment to which refractory materials aresubjected in the firing process.burning(firing)of refractories,vthe final heat treatment ina kiln to which refractory brick and shapes are subjected in1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.92The Joseph E.Kopanda Subcommittee for Editorial,Terminology and ClassificationCurrent edition approved April 1,2012.Published May 2012.Originallyapproved in 1927.Last previous edition approved in 2008 as C71 08.DOI:10.1520/C0071-12.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 the process of manufacture for the purpose of developingbond and other necessary physical and chemical properties.calcine,calcines,nrefractory material,often fireclay,thathas been heated to eliminate volatile constituents and toproduce desired physical changes.calcined refractory dolomite,nsee dolomite,calcined re-fractory.calcining of refractory materials,vthe heat treatment towhich raw refractory materials are subjected,preparatory tofurther processing or use,for the purpose of eliminatingvolatile chemically combined constituents and producingvolume changes.carbon-ceramic refractory,na manufactured refractorycomprised of carbon(including graphite)and one or moreceramic materials such as fireclay and silicon carbide.carbon refractory,na manufactured refract