FINALREPORTonINTERLABORATORYCOOPERATIVESTUDYOFTHEPRECISIONANDACCURACYOFTHEDETERMINATIONOFTHERELATIVEDENSITYOFBLACKSMOKE(RingelmannMethod)USINGASTMMETHODD3211-73TJ.E.Howes,Jr.,R.N.Pesut,andJ.F.FosterBattelleMemorialInstituteASTMDATASERIESPUBLICATIONDS55-S10ListPrice$5.0005-055100-17bAMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS1916RaceStreet,Philadelphia,Pa.19103©BYAMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS1974LibraryofCongressCatalogCardNumber:74-76293NOTETheSocietyisnotresponsible,asabody,forthestatementsandopinionsadvancedinthispublication.rBattelleisnotengagedinresearchforadvertising,sales|promotion,orpublicitypurposes,andthisreportmayInotbereproducedinfullorinpartforsuchpurposes.IPrintedinGibbsboro,NewJerseyAugust1974TABLEOFCONTENTSPageINTRODUCTION1SUMMARYOFRESULTS2EXPERIMENTALPROGRAM.....3ASTMTestMethodD3211-73T3InterlaboratoryTestProcedure3TestSiteConditions4GeneratorTests1,2,and34BoilerStack,Test4..5CokePlantStacks,Test55PowerPlantStack,Test67SmokeObserverParticipants7STATISTICALANALYSISOFSMOKEDENSITYESTIMATES...•8StatisticalMeasures8Reproducibility..8Accuracy.9ExperimentalData9PreliminaryDataEvaluation.16ReproducibilityAnalysis18AnalysisofAccuracy28DISCUSSIONANDCONCLUSIONS33RECOMMENDATIONS37ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS38REFERENCES39APPENDIXSTANDARDMETHODOFTESTFORRELATIVEDENSITYOFBLACKSMOKE(RINGELMANNMETHOD)43LISTOFTABLESTable1.ObserverEstimatesandSmokeGeneratorReadingsofSmokeDensityforTestNo.110Table2.ObserverEstimatesandSmokeGeneratorReadingsofSmokeDensityforTestNo.211Table3.ObserverEstimatesandSmokeGeneratorReadingsofSmokeDensityforTestNo.312(ListofTablesContinued)PageTable4.ObserverEstimatesoftheDensityofSmokeFromABoilerSmokestack(TestNo.4)13Table5.ObserverEstimatesoftheDensityofSmokeFromCokePlantSmokestacks(TestNo.5)14Table6.ObserverEstimatesoftheDensityofSmokeFromAPowerPlantSmokestack(TestNo.6)15Table7.SummaryoftheDeviationBetweenObserverEstimatesandSmokeGeneratorReadingsforTests1,2,and3^a'17Table8.StatisticalAnalysisofTest1Data19Table9.StatisticalAnalysisofTest2Data20Tabl...
