ASTM_C_1663_-_09.pdf

Designation:C166309Standard Test Method forMeasuring Waste Glass or Glass Ceramic Durability byVapor Hydration Test1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1663;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 The vapor hydration test method can be used to studythe corrosion of a waste forms such as glasses and glassceramics2upon exposure to water vapor at elevated tempera-tures.In addition,the alteration phases that form can be used asindicators of those phases that may form under repositoryconditions.These tests;which allow altering of glass at highsurface area to solution volume ratio;provide useful informa-tion regarding the alteration phases that are formed,thedisposition of radioactive and hazardous components,and thealteration kinetics under the specific test conditions.Thisinformation may be used in performance assessment(McGrailet al,2002(1)3for example).1.2 This test method must be performed in accordance withall quality assurance requirements for acceptance of the data.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:4C162 Terminology of Glass and Glass ProductsD1125 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity and Resis-tivity of WaterD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1293 Test Methods for pH of WaterE177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias inASTM Test MethodsE691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test Method3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 alteration layera layer of alteration products at thesurface of specimen.Several distinct layers may form at thesurface and within cracks in the glass.Layers may be com-prised of discrete crystallites.The thickness of these layers maybe used to estimate the amount of glass altered.3.1.2 alteration productscrystalline or amorphous phasesformed as a result of glass interaction with an aqueousenvironment by precipitation from solution or by in situtransformation of the chemically altered solid.3.1.3 glassan inorganic product of fusion that has cooledto a rigid condition without crystallizing.C1623.1.4 glass ceramicsolid material,partly crystalline andpartly glassy,formed by the controlled crystallization of aglass.C1623.1.5 glass transition temperatureon heating,the tempera-ture at which a glass transforms from an elastic to a viscoelasticmaterial,characterized by the onset of a rapid change inthermal expansivity.C1623.1.6 immobilized low-activity wastevitrified low-activityfraction of waste presently contained in Hanford Site tanks.3.1.7 performance assessmentexamines the long-term en-vironmental and human health effects associated with theplanned disposal of waste.Mann et al,2001(2)3.1.8 sampleinitial test material with known composition.3.1.9 specimenspecimen is a part of the sample used fortesting.3.1.10 traceable standarda material that supplies a link toknown test response in standards international units by anational or international standards body,for example,NIST.3.2 Abbreviations:3.2.1 DIWASTM Type I deionized water3.2.2 EDSenergy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy3.2.3 OMoptical microscopy1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C26 on NuclearFuel Cycle and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C26.13 on Spent Fueland High Level Waste.Current edition approved June 1,2009.Published July 2009.DOI:10.1520/C1663-09.2The precision and bias statements are only valid for glass waste forms at thistime.The test may be(and has been)performed on other waste forms;however,theprecision of such tests are currently unknown.3The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end ofthis standard.4For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.4 OM/IAoptical microscope connected to an imageanalysis system3.2.5 PTFEpolytetrafluoroethylene(chemical compoundcommonly referred to as Teflon)3.2.6 SEMscanning electron microscope3.2.7 SiC papersilicon-carbide paper3.2.8 TBDto be determined3.2.9 TEMtransmission electron microscope3.2.10 Tgglass transition temperature3.2.11 VHTvapor hydration test3.2.12 WDSwave-length dispersive spectroscopy3.2.13 XRDX-ray diffraction3.2.14%RSDpercent relative standard deviation4.Summary of Test Method4.1 For the v