ASTM_C_1145_-_06_2013.pdf

Designation:C114506(Reapproved 2013)Standard Terminology ofAdvanced Ceramics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1145;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This terminology contains definitions and explanatorynotes for the principal words,phrases,and terms used inadvanced ceramics technology.The given definitions aretechnology-specific and are directly applicable to the design,production,testing,analysis,characterization,and use ofadvanced ceramics for structural,electronic,coating,energy,chemical,nuclear,biomedical,and environmental applications.1.2 The purpose of the standard terminology is to provide acollected technical resource and reference that promotes acommon understanding of the principal technical terms usedwithin the advanced ceramics community and encourages theuse of uniform terminology in specifications and reports.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProductsC1259 Test Method for Dynamic Youngs Modulus,ShearModulus,and Poissons Ratio for Advanced Ceramics byImpulse Excitation of VibrationC1368 Test Method for Determination of Slow CrackGrowth Parameters of Advanced Ceramics by ConstantStress-Rate Strength Testing at Ambient TemperatureC1421 Test Methods for Determination of Fracture Tough-ness of Advanced Ceramics at Ambient Temperature3.Terminologyabsorbed moisture,nwater held within the materials andhaving physical properties not substantially different fromordinary water at the same temperature and pressure.advanced ceramic,na highly engineered,high performance,predominately non-metallic,inorganic,ceramic materialhaving specific functional attributes.agglomerate,nas used in fractography,a cluster of grains,particles,platelets,or whiskers,or a combination thereof,present in a larger solid mass.aggregate,na dense mass of particles held together bystrong intermolecular or atomic cohesive forces.It is stableto normal handling and ordinary mixing techniques includ-ing high-speed stirring and ultrasonics.(C242)back-face strain,nthe strain as meaured with a strain gagemounted longitudinally on the compressive surface of thespecimen,opposite the crack or notch mouth(often this isthe top surface of the specimen as tested).(C1421)base exchange,na surface property exhibited by collodialinorganic materials,usually clays,whereby absorbed surfacecations are replaced by other cations.body,nthe structural portion of a ceramic article,or thematerial or mixture from which it is made.(C242)calcine,v(calcination,n)firing or heating a granular orparticulate solid at less than fusion temperature,but suffi-cient to remove most of its chemically combined volatilematter(that is,H2O,CO2)and otherwise to develop thedesired properties for use.capillary action,nthe phenomenon of intrusion of a liquidinto interconnected small voids,pores,and channels in asolid,resulting from surface tension.casting,drain(hollow casting),vforming ceramic ware byintroducing a body slip into an open,porous mold,and thendraining off the remaining slip when the cast piece hasreached the desired thickness.(C242)cermet,na composite material or article comprised of aceramic and a metal or metal alloy,interdistributed in any ofvarious geometrical forms but intimately bonded together.chatter,nan undesirable pattern created on the surface of awork piece,usually at regularly spaced intervals,due to anout-of-round,out-of-balance condition or due to an inducednatural frequency,or its harmonics,or both,in a grindingmachine.colloidal particle,na dispersed particle with a linear dimen-sion of 5 to 100 nm.1This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 onAdvanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.91 onNomenclature and Editorial.Current edition approved Feb.1,2013.Published March 2013.Originallyapproved in 1989.Last previous edition approved in 2006 as C114506.DOI:10.1520/C1145-06R13.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 comminution,nthe act or process of reduction in particlesize,usually but not necessarily by grinding or positionalinhomogeneity,(CI),nasusedinfractography,a volume-distributed flaw that is a microstruc-tural irregularity related to the nonuniform distribution of anadditive,a different crystalline or glass phase or in amultiphase material,the nonuniform distribution of a secondphase.continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite,naceramic matrix composite