ASTM_C_1556_-_11a_2016.pdf

Designation:C155611a(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forDetermining the Apparent Chloride Diffusion Coefficient ofCementitious Mixtures by Bulk Diffusion1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1556;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination ofthe apparent chloride diffusion coefficient for hardened cemen-titious mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C31/C31M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the FieldC42/C42M Test Method for Obtaining and Testing DrilledCores and Sawed Beams of ConcreteC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statementsfor Test Methods for Construction MaterialsC1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride inMortar and ConcreteC1202 Test Method for Electrical Indication of ConcretesAbility to Resist Chloride Ion Penetration2.2 NORDTEST Standards:NT BUILD 443 Approved 1995-11,Concrete,Hardened:Accelerated Chloride Penetration(in English)33.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent chloride diffusion coeffcient,Da,na chlo-ride transport parameter calculated from acid-soluble chlorideprofile data obtained from saturated specimens exposed tochloride solutions,without correction for chloride binding,thatprovides an indication of the ease of chloride penetration intocementitious mixtures.3.2.2 chloride binding,vthe chemical process by whichchloride ion is removed from solution and incorporated intocementitious binder hydration products.3.2.2.1 DiscussionChloride binding is primarily associ-ated with hydration products formed by the aluminate phase ofcement and mixtures containing ground granulated blast fur-nace slag.3.2.3 chloride penetration,vthe ingress of chloride ionsdue to exposure to external sources.3.2.4 exposure liquid,nthe sodium chloride solution inwhich test specimens are stored prior to obtaining a chlorideprofile.3.2.5 exposure time,nthe time that the test specimen isstored in the solution containing chloride ion.3.2.6 initial chloride-ion content,Ci,nthe ratio of themass of chloride ion to the mass of concrete for a test specimenthat has not been exposed to external chloride sources.3.2.7 profile grinding,vthe process of grinding off andcollecting a powder sample in thin successive layers from a testspecimen using a dry process.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.66 on Concretes Resistance to Fluid Penetration.Current edition approved April 1,2016.Published May 2016.Originallyapproved in 2003.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C1556 11a.DOI:10.1520/C1556-11AR16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Published by NORDTEST,P.O.Box 116 FIN-02151 ESPOO Finland,Project1154-94,e-mail:nordtest vtt.fi,website:http:/www.vtt.fi/nordtest*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.2.8 surface chloride content,Cs,nthe theoretical ratio ofthe mass of chloride ion to the mass of concrete at the interfacebetween the exposure liquid and the test specimen.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 Obtain a representative sample of the cementitiousmixture prior to exposure to chloride ion.Separate each sampleinto a test specimen and an initial chloride-ion content speci-men.Crush the initial chloride-ion content specimen anddetermine the initial acid-soluble chloride-ion content.Seal allsides of the test specimen,except the finished surface,with asuitable barrier coating.Saturate the sealed specimen in acalcium hydroxide solution,rinse with tap water,and thenplace in a sodium chloride solution.After a specified exposuretime,the test specimen is removed from the sodium chloridesolution and thin layers are ground off parallel to t