ASTM_C_1543_-_10a.pdf

Designation:C154310aStandard Test Method forDetermining the Penetration of Chloride Ion into Concreteby Ponding1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1543;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method determines the penetration of chlorideion into concrete from a sodium-chloride solution pond.Thismethod is applicable to all types of concrete,as well as toconcretes treated with systems such as sealants,penetratingsealers,or thin-bonded overlays.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC672/C672M Test Method for Scaling Resistance of Con-crete Surfaces Exposed to Deicing ChemicalsC1152/C1152M Test Method for Acid-Soluble Chloride inMortar and ConcreteC1202 Test Method for Electrical Indication of ConcretesAbility to Resist Chloride Ion PenetrationC1556 Test Method for Determining the Apparent ChlorideDiffusion Coefficient of Cementitious Mixtures by BulkDiffusion2.2 AASHTO Standard:T 259 Method of Test for Resistance of Concrete to ChlorideIon Penetration3.Terminology3.1 Terms used in this standard are defined in TerminologyC125.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A sodium-chloride solution is ponded on the surface ofconcrete specimens.Samples from specified depths are peri-odically extracted and chemically analyzed to determine thechloride content of the concrete at those depths.The curing andmoisture conditioning to which a specimen is subjected prior toponding affects the mechanisms involved in chloride-ionpenetration.These factors must be considered carefully ininterpreting the results.Information on the mechanisms ofchloride penetration into concrete is given in the appendix.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is suitable for evaluation of materialsand material proportions for construction purposes as well asfor research and development.5.2 This test method can be used to establish the correlationbetween indirect measures of the chloride-ion penetration ofconcrete(see Test Method C1202)and the actual chloride-ionpenetration under controlled conditions.5.3 This test method is not intended to provide a measure ofthe length of service that may be expected from use of aspecific concrete mixture or sealing material.5.4 If the purpose for testing is to determine the apparentchloride diffusion coefficient,it is recommended that TestMethod C1556 be used.6.Apparatus6.1 Glass Plates or Polyethylene Sheets,of sufficient size tocover the ponded surface of the specimen.6.2 Molds,of the proper size for the test specimens to beused,and conforming to the applicable requirements of Prac-tice C192/C192M.7.Reagents7.1 Ponding Solution3%reagent grade sodium chloride(NaCl)by mass in distilled water(see Note 1).1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.66 on Concretes Resistance to Fluid Penetration.Current edition approved Oct.1,2010.Published November 2010.Originallyapproved in 2002.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C154310.DOI:10.1520/C1543-10a.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 NOTE1Other chloride-bearing solutions or different sodium-chlorideconcentrations may be used when there is a need to evaluate their specificeffects.The concentration of the solution can be checked using ahydrometer calibrated to indicate the mass fraction of sodium chloride.8.Specimens8.1 Use as ponding specimens in this test method slabshaving a surface area of at least 0.030 m2and a thickness of 906 15 mm.At least two replicate specimens shall be made foreach combination of variables to be tested.8.2 Fabricate and cure molded ponding specimens in accor-dance with applicable sections of Test Method C672/C672M,unless otherwise specified.8.3 Obtain a sample of concrete for use in determining thebackground chloride content.Cast a 100 by 200-mm