ASTM_C_1039_-_85_2015.pdf

Designation:C103985(Reapproved 2015)An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forApparent Porosity,Apparent Specific Gravity,and BulkDensity of Graphite Electrodes1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1039;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 These test methods cover the determination of apparentporosity,apparent specific gravity,and bulk density of corestaken from graphite electrodes manufactured for use in electricarc furnaces.(See also C559 and C838.)1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address the safetyconcerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibilityof the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety andhealth practices and determine the applicability of regulatorylimitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C559 Test Method for Bulk Density by Physical Measure-ments of Manufactured Carbon and Graphite ArticlesC783 Practice for Core Sampling of Graphite ElectrodesC838 Test Method for Bulk Density of As-ManufacturedCarbon and Graphite Shapes3.Significance and Use3.1 The results of these test methods can be used as a qualitycontrol or quality assurance check of electrodes either duringtheir manufacture or at the users location.The results of thesemethods tend to be operator-sensitive,therefore,care must betaken in the execution of the test in order to obtain reproducibleresults.4.Apparatus4.1 Drying Oven.4.2 Analytical Balance,capable of weighing to 0.1 g.4.3 Autoclave or Pressure Vessel,capable of withstandingone atmosphere externally and designed to withstand at least448 kPa to 483 kPa internal pressure.4.3.1 The pressure vessel shall be provided with an opentopcontainer to hold the specimens and a means of introducingwater around the specimens while specimens are being held atlow pressure.4.4 Vacuum Pump.4.5 Wire Loop,Halter or Stirrup,fabricated with 22 AWG(9.643 mm)copper wire shall be provided for determiningsuspended weight.4.6 Smooth Linen or Cotton Cloth.5.Test Specimens and Sampling5.1 Electrodes can be sampled using Practice C783 thatresult in a specimen with approximately 50 mm diameter and191 mm long or a specimen of equivalent volume.5.2 If sizes and shapes which are different from thosedescribed in 5.1,these shall be included in the report.5.3 For each test,select at least five electrodes,at random,to represent a lot.The lot size will be determined by agreementof the parties desiring the tests.6.Calibration6.1 Prior to obtaining the suspended weights of thespecimens,the balance shall be adjusted to zero with the wirestirrup suspended from the balance and immersed into acontainer of the liquid to the same depth in the liquid as occurswhen a specimen is in place.7.Procedure7.1 Determinations of Dry Weight,D:7.1.1 Dry the test specimens to constant weight by heatingto 100 C to 110 C.Cool and determine the dry weight,D,ingrams to the nearest 0.1 g.If the time between drying andweighing exceeds 8 h,the specimens must be stored in adesiccator.7.1.2 The determination of dry weight may be done eitherbefore or after the saturation operation.If the specimen isfriable or there is evidence that particles have broken looseduring the saturation operation,the dry weight shall be1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 onPetroleum Products,Liquid Fuels,and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee D02.F0 on Manufactured Carbon and Graphite Products.Current edition approved Oct.1,2015.Published December 2015.Originallyapproved in 1985.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1039 85(2010)1.DOI:10.1520/C1039-85R15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 obtained after the suspended and saturated weights have beendetermined.Drying as described in 7.1.1 must be carried out.7.2 Saturation:7.2.1 Using the pressure vessel described in 4.3,place thespecimens in the open-top container inside the vessel.Closeand seal the vessel and pump down at least to 133 Pa(1 mmHg)and maintain this pressure for 30 min.7.2.2 Slowly introduce water(preferably distilled water)until the specimens are covered with at least 40 mm of water.Continue to pump for an additional 5 min.NOTE1Sufficient water must be provided above the specimens tosupply enough water to fill the open pores of the specimens duringpressurization.If after pressuriz