ASTM_C_650_-_04_2014.pdf

Designation:C65004(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forResistance of Ceramic Tile to Chemical Substances1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C650;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determiningwhether,and to what degree,ceramic tiles are affected byprolonged exposure to chemical substances that are commonlyused in the household or for cleaning purposes as well as othermore severe conditions.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 The units used for concentration in this standard arev/v which refers to the volume of reagent/1 L of solution andg/L which refers to the weight of reagent,in g,to be dissolvedin 1 L of water.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Summary of Test Method2.1 This test method calls for one or more tests,eachconsisting of exposing flat pieces of ceramic tile to the actionof a specific chemical substance for a definite period of time ata prescribed temperature.After exposure,the surfaces of thetile are rinsed with water and inspected for effect.3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended for testing ceramic tile thatare to be used for food counters,lavatories,and similarresidential,medical,and commercial installations,where theymay come in contact with food,chemical,and waste sub-stances and for tile in areas where they may be exposed tocontact with strong cleaning agents.3.2 The specification of 10%hydrochloric acid solutionand 10%potassium hydroxide solution as normal testingfluids,and the length of exposure time and temperature arebased on experimental laboratory work and interlaboratorytests,where it was indicated that resistance to these twosubstances probably assures resistance also to any other acidicor alkaline substance coming in contact with tile,excepthydrofluoric acid.3.3 The validity of using color difference as means ofdetermining the degree to which tile surfaces are affected byacids and alkalies has been established by interlaboratory testand was found to be more reliable than the determination ofloss of gloss,particularly for unglazed tile and mat or semimatglazed surfaces.Lack of coordination between instrumentalvalue and visual effect was noted only in the case of minutesurface changes,detectable only by oblique viewing.4.Apparatus4.1 Test Tubes,plain-end flint glass test tubes with adiameter of 20 mm and a length of 150 mm.4.2 Pipets,glass with a volume of at least 50 mL withgradations in 1-mL increments.4.3 Oven,capable of maintaining a constant temperature of110 6 5C.4.4 Pencil,HB hardness grade.4.5 Cloths,a supply of lintless,absorbent cloths or papertowels.4.6 Distilled or Deionized Water,for preparation of thesolutions.4.7 Light Source,standard,that supplies a 300 lux ofillumination.5.Reagents5.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests.Unless otherwise indicated,it is intended thatall reagents conform to the specifications of the Committee onAnalytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society wheresuch specifications are available.2Other grades may be used,1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.06 on Ceramic Tile.Current edition approved Dec.1,2014.Published December 2014.Originallyapproved in 1970.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C650 04(2009).DOI:10.1520/C0650-04R14.2Reagent Chemicals,American Chemical Society Specifications,AmericanChemical Society,Washington,DC.For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society,see Analar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals,BDH Ltd.,Poole,Dorset,U.K.,and the United States Pharmacopeialand National Formulary,U.S.Pharmacopeial Convention,Inc.(USPC),Rockville,MD.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is of sufficientlyhigh purity to permit its use without lessening the accuracy ofthe determination.5.2 The required dilutions for the preparation of each testsolution is found in Table 1 of this test method.5.2.1 Common Household and Cleaning Chemicals:5.2.1.1 Acetic acid,3%(v/v).5.2.1.2 Acetic acid,10%(v/v).5.2.1.3 Ammonium chloride,100 g/L.5.2.1.4 Citric acid solution,30 g/L.5.2.1.5 Citric acid solution,100 g/L.5.2.1.6 Lactic acid,5%(v/v).5.2.1.7 Phosphoric acid,3%