ASTM_C_583_-_15.pdf

Designation:C58315Standard Test Method forModulus of Rupture of Refractory Materials at ElevatedTemperatures1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C583;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method covers determination of the high-temperature modulus of rupture of refractory brick or mono-lithic refractories in an oxidizing atmosphere and under actionof a force or stress that is increased at a constant rate.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E220 Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples ByComparison Techniques3.Significance and Use3.1 Measuring the modulus of rupture of refractories atelevated temperatures has become a widely accepted means toevaluate materials at service temperatures.Many consumercompanies have specifications based on this type of test.3.2 This test method is limited to furnaces operating underoxidizing conditions.However,with modifications for atmo-sphere control in other test furnaces,the major criteria of thistest procedure may be employed without change.3.3 This test method is designed for progressive applicationof a force or stress on a specimen supported as a simple beamwith center-point loading.Test apparatus designed for theprogressive application of a strain may yield different results,especially since refractory materials will reach a semiplasticstate at elevated temperatures where Hookes law does notapply,that is,stress is then not proportional to strain.3.4 This test method applies to fired dense refractory brickand shapes,chemically bonded brick and shapes,shapesformed from castables,plastics,or ramming materials,and anyother refractory that can be formed to the required specimendimension.4.Apparatus4.1 Use either an electrically heated or gas-fired furnace(Note 1).A typical cross section of the furnace containing thebearing edges is shown in Fig.1.At least one pair of lowerbearing edges,made from volume-stable refractory material(Note 2),shall be installed in the furnace on 5-in.(127-mm)centers.A thrust column,containing the top bearing edge thatis made from volume-stable refractory material,shall extendoutside the furnace where means are provided for applying aload.The lower bearing edges and the bearing end of thesupport column shall have rounded bearing surfaces havingabout a14-in.(6-mm)radius(Note 3).The lower bearingsurfaces may be made adjustable,but must attain the standardspan of 5 6332in.(127 6 2 mm).The length of the lowerbearing surfaces shall exceed the specimen width by about14in.(6 mm).The load shall be applied to the upper bearing edgeby any suitable means.Instrumentation for measuring the loadshall be accurate to 1%.The thrust column shall be main-tained in vertical alignment and all bearing surfaces parallel inboth horizontal directions.NOTE1The test furnace can be so constructed so that a number ofspecimens may be heated and tested at the same time.Bearing edges andloading devices may be provided for a number of individual specimens,but a more practical method is to provide means to move individualspecimens successively onto a single set of bearing edges for breaking.The use of a separate holding furnace for specimens to be transferred intothe test furnace for breaking is also satisfactory.NOTE2A minimum of 90%alumina content is recommended as asuitable refractory.NOTE3All bearing surfaces should be checked periodically tomaintain a round surface.4.2 It is recommended that the furnace temperature becontrolled with calibrated platinum-rhodium/platinum thermo-couples connected to a program-controller recorder(see Test1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C08 onRefractories and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C08.01 on Strength.Current edition approved March 1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 1965.Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C583 10.DOI:10.1520/C0583-15.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Method E220).Temperature