ASTM_C_1528_-_15.pdf

Designation:C152815Standard Guide forSelection of Dimension Stone1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1528;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONNatural stone,while being perhaps the oldest building material known to man,can also be one ofthe most difficult of all building materials to properly evaluate,select,and specify.Every natural stoneproduct is unique,having its own physical properties and performance capabilities.Responsible stoneselection involves extensive and objective evaluation of both the stone material and the application inwhich it is required to perform.This guide presents a cursory review of the different stone types commonly used in construction,common applications,available finishes,and factors affecting product costs.It is intended to be usedin combination with good judgment,responsible engineering analysis,local building codes,and anyother available resources.It is not a“how-to”or a“step-by-step”guide,and has been prepared withthe assumption that the user has some familiarity in the use of natural stone prior to utilizing thisguide.Past performance is the best test of a dimension stones durability.Yet because the physicalproperties of a natural stone can vary within a single deposit,even stones with a history of satisfactoryperformance may need to be tested to ascertain the quality of the current production stock.Commonphysical property tests include absorption,density,compressive strength,modulus of rupture,flexuralstrength,abrasion resistance,and anchor strength.Additional tests may also be required depending onthe material and application.In a high proportion of the cases,failure of a natural stone in service is a result of improperapplication,rather than the inherent properties of the stone.Placing stones in unsuitable environments,faulty fabrication,installation,or construction practices,and incompatible associated materials arefrequent causes of stone system failures(for example,high-porosity stones in subgrade applications,inadequate anchorage or expansion space,mortars leaching alkalis,inappropriate strength mortars,staining grouts,voids in setting beds,and pavement stones with inadequate resistance to abrasion).In selection of natural dimension stone products,the application as well as the aesthetic appeal mustbe considered.While aesthetics are important to the design,the selection of the proper stone material,thickness,anchorage,and related components is necessary to ensure meeting the performance anddurability requirements of the design.1.Scope1.1 This guide is intended to be used by architects,engineers,specifiers,contractors,and material suppliers whodesign,select,specify,install,purchase,fabricate,or supplynatural stone products for construction applications.1.2 Consensus StandardThis guide is an industry consen-sus standard drafted in a cooperative effort among engineers,architects,geologists,producers,and installers of natural stone.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:21This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C18 on DimensionStone and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C18.08 on Selection ofDimension Stone.Current edition approved March 1,2015.Published April 2015.Originallyapproved in 2002.Last previous edition approved in 2013 as C152813.DOI:10.1520/C1528-152For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 C97 Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravityof Dimension StoneC99 Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of DimensionStoneC119 Terminology Relating to Dimension StoneC120 Test Methods of Flexure Testing of Slate(BreakingLoad,Modulus of Rupture,Modulus of Elasticity)C121 Test Method for Water Absorption of SlateC170 Test Method for Compressive Strength of DimensionStoneC217 Test Method for Weather Resistance of SlateC241 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone Sub-jected to Foot TrafficC295 Guide for Petrographic Examination ofAggregates forConcreteC406 Specification for Roofing SlateC503 Specification for Marble Dimension StoneC568 Specification for Limestone Dimension StoneC615 Specification for Granite Dimension StoneC616 Specification for Quartz-Based Dimension StoneC629 Specification for Slate Dimension StoneC880 Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension StoneC856 Practice for Petrographic Examination of HardenedConcreteC1201 Test Method for Structural Performance of ExteriorDimension Stone Cladding Systems by Uniform StaticAirPressure DifferenceC