ASTM_C_1510_-_01_2016.pdf

Designation:C151001(Reapproved 2016)Standard Test Method forColor and Color Difference of Whitewares by AbrigedSpectrophotometry1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1510;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This test method describes the instrumental measure-ment of the reflection properties and color of ceramic glazesand other whitewares by the use of a spectrophotometer orspectrocolorimeter with a hemispherical optical measuringsystem,such as an integrating sphere.1.2 The test method is suitable for use with most specimenshaving an exterior flat surface large enough to cover thespectrophotometer sample port.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C242 Terminology of Ceramic Whitewares and RelatedProductsD2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances andColor Differences from Instrumentally Measured ColorCoordinatesE179 Guide for Selection of Geometric Conditions forMeasurement of Reflection and Transmission Propertiesof MaterialsE284 Terminology of AppearanceE308 Practice for Computing the Colors of Objects by Usingthe CIE SystemE805 Practice for Identification of Instrumental Methods ofColor or Color-Difference Measurement of MaterialsE1164 Practice for Obtaining Spectrometric Data for Object-Color EvaluationE1331 Test Method for Reflectance Factor and Color bySpectrophotometry Using Hemispherical Geometry3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 The definitions in Guide E179,Terminologies C242and E284,and Practice E1164 are applicable to this testmethod.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 This test method provides a procedure for measuring thereflectance factors of reflecting ceramic glazes or relatedwhiteware specimens by using a spectrophotometer or spec-trocolorimeter equipped with a hemispherical optical measur-ing system such as an integrating sphere.(See Test MethodE1331.)4.2 This test method includes procedures for calibrating theinstrument and for selecting specimens suitable for precisionmeasurement.4.3 Most modern spectrophotometers have the capacity tocompute the color coordinates of the specimen immediatelyfollowing the measurement.When this is the case,the usermust select the color system,observer,and illuminant(PracticeE308,Section 6).5.Significance and Use5.1 The most direct and accessible methods for obtainingthe color coordinates of ceramic glazes and related whitewaresare by instrumental measurement using spectrophotometers orcolorimeters with either hemispherical or bidirectional opticalmeasuring systems.This test method provides procedures forsuch measurement by reflectance spectrophotometry using ahemispherical optical measuring system.5.2 This test method is especially suitable for measurementof the following types of specimens for the indicated uses(SeePractice E805.):5.2.1 All types of ceramic glaze and related whitewarespecimens to obtain data for use in computer colorant formu-lation.5.2.2 Ceramic glaze and related whiteware specimens forcolor assessment.1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee C21 on CeramicWhitewares and Related Productsand is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC21.03 on Methods for Whitewares and Environmental Concerns.Current edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 2001.Last previous edition approved in 2012 as C1510 01(2012).DOI:10.1520/C1510-01R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 5.2.2.1 For the measurement of plane-surface high-glossspecimens,the specular component should generally be ex-cluded during the measurement.5.2.2.2 For the measurement of plane-surface intermediate-gloss(satin)specimens,where the first-surface reflectioncomponent may be distributed over a wide range of angles,measurement may be made with the specular componentincluded,but the resulting color coordinates may not correlatebest with visual judgments of the color.Measurement withspecular excluded may lead to better correlations.5.2.2.3 For the measurement of plane-surface,low-gloss(matte)specimens,the specular component may either beexcluded or included,as no significant difference in the resultsshould be apparent.5.3 An estimate of gloss may be obtained by measuring there