ASTM_C_1688_-_C_1688M_-_14a.pdf

Designation:C1688/C1688M14aStandard Test Method forDensity and Void Content of Freshly Mixed PerviousConcrete1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1688/C1688M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers determining the density offreshly mixed pervious concrete under standardized conditionsand gives formulas for calculating the void content of perviousconcrete.Test results are not intended to represent the in-placedensity and void content.1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.(WarningFreshhydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may causechemical burns to skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure.2)1.4 The text of this test method references notes andfootnotes that provide explanatory information.These notesand footnotes(excluding those in tables)shall not be consid-ered as requirements of this test method.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C29/C29M Test Method for Bulk Density(“Unit Weight”)and Voids in AggregateC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC127 Test Method for Density,Relative Density(SpecificGravity),and Absorption of Coarse AggregateC128 Test Method for Density,Relative Density(SpecificGravity),and Absorption of Fine AggregateC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC172/C172M Practice for Sampling Freshly Mixed Con-creteC188 Test Method for Density of Hydraulic CementC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC231/C231M Test Method forAir Content of Freshly MixedConcrete by the Pressure MethodC311 Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Fly Ash orNatural Pozzolans for Use in Portland-Cement ConcreteC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC989/C989M Specification for Slag Cement for Use inConcrete and MortarsC1157/C1157M Performance Specification for HydraulicCementC1240 Specification for Silica Fume Used in CementitiousMixturesD698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-istics of Soil Using Standard Effort(12 400 ft-lbf/ft3(600kN-m/m3)D6926 Practice for Preparation of Bituminous SpecimensUsing Marshall Apparatus3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this standard,refer toTerminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 concrete,pervious,nhydraulic cement concrete pro-portioned with sufficient,distributed,interconnected macro-scopic voids that allow water to flow through the materialunder the action of gravity alone.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.49 on Pervious Concrete.Current edition approved Oct.1,2014.Published October 2014.Originallyapproved in 2008.Last previous edition approved in 2014 as C1688/C1688M 14.DOI:10.1520/C1688_C1688M-14A.2Section on Safety Precautions,Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 3.3 Symbols:D=density(unit weight)of concrete kg/m3lb ft3Ms=total mass of all materials batched,kg lb(see Note 1)Mc=mass of the measure filled with concrete,kg lbMm=mass of the measure,kg lbT=theoretical density of the concrete computed on an airfreebasis,kg/m3lb ft3(see Note 1)U=percentage of voids in the fresh pervious concrete,includingentrained and entrapped air voids in the cement paste.Vs=sum of the absolute volumes of the component ingredients inthe batch,m3ft3Vm=volume of the measure,m3ft3NOTE1The theoretical density is a laboratory determination,and isassumed to remain constant for all batches made using identical compo-nent ingredients and proportions.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A sample of fresh pervious concrete is placed andconsolidated in a standard measure.The concrete is consoli-dated using a standard Proctor hammer(Procedure