ASTM_D_1683_-_D_1683M_-_22.pdf

Designation:D1683/D1683M22Standard Test Method forFailure in Sewn Seams of Woven Fabrics1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1683/D1683M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S.Department of Defense.INTRODUCTIONThe structural integrity of textile products made of woven fabrics is dependent on how well thepieces that are cut from rolls of fabric have been joined together.To measure this integrity requiresunderstanding the inter-relationship between two distinct test methods.(a)The first evaluation is done by testing fabric using Test Method D5034.This standard is used to measure the resistance ofa woven fabric to rupture in the warp direction and,the filling yarn direction.The test method measures the force needed to rupturethe fabric causing the destruction of the fabric and the loss of its structural integrity.This loss of structural integrity causes yarnslippage,that is,the displacement and change of yarn spacing causing an irreversible fabric failure.(b)Before completing the second evaluation,an analysis and determination of the anticipated failure mode needs to becompleted by the fabric weaver or textile product manufacturer.While the failure mode for a woven fabric textile product sewnseam can demonstrate various and distinct levels,it is imperative to have agreement and understanding about the expectedperformance or service life of the end use product.Is the seam engineering used to build the textile product intended to performfor a“single incident”discarded and replaced,or is the end use product designed and engineered to be subjected to regular careand maintenance to include repairs?(c)The second evaluation is done by using this test method,D1683/D1683M,to test fabric sections that have been cut and thensewn together using procedures that select a specific combination of sewing thread,stitch type,seam type,and stitch density.Theseare the seam engineering variables that determine which of the following outcomes can occur:(1)the fabric,at a force similar tothat when tested using Test Method D5034,will rupture adjacent to the stitch line causing the destruction and loss of fabricintegrity,and the failure of the textile structure;(2)the sewing thread used in the specific stitch configuration will rupture,at a forceless than 85%of the fabric break strength,such that the fabric integrity will be sufficient to enable repair of the textile structurealong the same axis.1.Scope1.1 This test method measures the sewn seam strength inwoven fabrics by applying a force perpendicular to the sewnseams.1.1.1 The axis perpendicular to the sewn seam can representeither the warp yarn axis or filling yarn axis,the same axistested when using grab Test Method D5034.1.1.1.1 This test method is applicable to sewn seams ob-tained from a previously sewn article or seams sewn withfabric samples using one of two specific seam assemblies asshown in Table 1.1.2 This test method is used when the maximum breakingforce measurement to rupture of a woven fabric sewn seam isrequired.1.2.1 This test method is used when the seam efficiencymeasurement of a woven fabric sewn seam is required.1.2.2 This test method is used to identify the sewn seamstrength threshold at which the failure of the stitching occurs,without damage to the fabric,so that the textile product can berepaired.1.2.3 This test method is used to identify the force at whichseam strength results in slippage and displacement of warpyarns,filling yarns,or any combination of these yarns.1.3 This test method does not predict actual wear perfor-mance of a seam.1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the1This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D13 on Textilesand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.54 on Subassemblies.Current edition approved April 1,2022.Published April 2022.Originallyapproved in 1990.Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D168317(2018).DOI:10.1520/D1683_D1683M-22.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United StatesThis international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of International Standards,Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organiz