ASTM_C_1645_-_16.pdf

Designation:C164516Standard Test Method forFreeze-thaw and De-icing Salt Durability of Solid ConcreteInterlocking Paving Units1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1645;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method evaluates the resistance to freezing andthawing of solid interlocking concrete paving units conformingto the dimensional requirements of Specification C936/C936M.Units are tested in a test solution that is either tapwater or 3%saline solution,depending on the intended use ofthe units in actual service.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard.No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.1.2.1 Inch-pound units are given in parentheses for tempera-ture specification and are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,in any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the use of this standard to establish appropri-ate safety and health practices and determine the applicabilityof regulatory limitation prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C936/C936M Specification for Solid Concrete InterlockingPaving Units3.Significance and Use3.1 This test method is intended to determine the effects offreezing and thawing on units conforming to the dimensionalrequirements of Specification C936/C936M while immersed ina test solution.Other types of segmental concrete paving unitsthat do not conform to the dimensional requirements ofSpecification C936/C936M may be tested using this testmethod.3.2 The results from this test method are not intended toprovide a quantitative measure of the length of service fromconcrete paving units conforming to the dimensional require-ments of Specification C936/C936M.4.Apparatus4.1 Freezing-and-Thawing ApparatusThe freezing appa-ratus shall consist of suitable cabinet or cold room withcontrols to reach and maintain within 1 h of introduction ofspecimens an air temperature of 5 6 3C(23 6 5F)at alllocations within the chamber regardless of the number ofspecimens in the chamber.The thawing chamber shall maintaina controlled air temperature.This temperature shall never begreater than+30C(86F).4.2 BalanceA balance capable of weighing 500 g with anaccuracy of 60.1 g shall be used for measuring the mass of thefine spalled material.4.3 Drying OvenThe drying oven shall be vented andcapable of being maintained at 100 to 115C(212 to 239F).4.4 Specimen ContainerThe specimen container shall bemade of non-corroding flexible material and have dimensionsthat allow complete submersion of the specimen in the testsolution.The size of the container shall be less than or equal tothree times the volume of the unit that is being tested.Thecontainer shall prevent evaporation of the test solution.5.Sampling5.1 Selection of Test SpecimensSelect whole units repre-sentative of the lot from which they are selected.The unitsshall be free from visible cracks,chipped edges,and structuraldefects.5.2 Number of Test SpecimensSample according to therequirements of Specification C936/C936M.5.3 IdentificationMark each test specimen so that it isidentifiable at any time.6.Preparation of Test Specimens6.1 Curing and ConditioningWhen possible,specimensshall be full-sized units.When the units cannot be testedfull-size due to specimen configuration or lack of suitablespecimen containers,obtain a specimen by saw-cutting a1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C15 onManufactured Masonry Units and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC15.03 on Concrete Masonry Units and Related Units.Current edition approved on June 1,2016.Published July 2016.Originallyapproved in 2006.Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1645/C1645M 15.DOI:10.1520/C1645-16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 full-height coupon with a surface area of at least 190 cm2.Testspecimens shall be a minimum of 28 days old before freeze-thaw cycling begins.After sampling,all test specimens shall becured for 14 days in a moist chamber(cabinet or room)at anair temperature of 23 6 2C(73 6 4F)and a relative humidityof at least 90%or submerged in a saturated lime solutionmaintained at 23 6 2C(73 6 4F).Moist curing shall befollowed by air curing for a minimum of 14 days at 24 6 8C(75 6 15F)at a maximum 80%relative humidity.The curingand conditioning of the test specimens shall be waive