ASTM_C_1581_-_C_1581M_-_16.pdf

Designation:C1581/C1581M16Standard Test Method forDetermining Age at Cracking and Induced Tensile StressCharacteristics of Mortar and Concrete under RestrainedShrinkage1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1581/C1581M;the number immediately following the designation indicates theyear of original adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of lastreapproval.A superscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope*1.1 This test method covers the laboratory determination ofthe age at cracking and induced tensile stress characteristics ofmortar or concrete specimens under restrained shrinkage.Theprocedure can be used to determine the effects of variations inthe proportions and material properties of mortar or concreteon cracking due to both drying shrinkage and deformationscaused by autogenous shrinkage and heat of hydration.1.2 This test method is not intended for expansive materials.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents;therefore,eachsystem shall be used independently of the other.Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and to determine theapplicabilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.(WarningFresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are causticand may cause chemical burns to skin and tissue uponprolonged exposure.2)2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:3C33/C33M Specification for Concrete AggregatesC125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete Ag-gregatesC138/C138M Test Method for Density(Unit Weight),Yield,and Air Content(Gravimetric)of ConcreteC143/C143M Test Method for Slump of Hydraulic-CementConcreteC150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC171 Specification for Sheet Materials for Curing ConcreteC192/C192M Practice for Making and Curing Concrete TestSpecimens in the LaboratoryC387/C387M Specification for Packaged,Dry,CombinedMaterials for Concrete and High Strength MortarC595/C595M Specification for Blended Hydraulic CementsC1157/C1157M Performance Specification for HydraulicCementC1437 Test Method for Flow of Hydraulic Cement MortarF441/F441M Specification for Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chlo-ride)(CPVC)Plastic Pipe,Schedules 40 and 802.2 ASME Standards:4B 46.1 Surface Texture(Surface Roughness,Waviness andLay)3.Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions of terms used in this test method,referto Terminology C125.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 age at cracking,nthe age of each test specimen,measured from the time of casting,when a sudden decrease instrain occurs.3.2.2 net strain,nthe value corresponding to the differ-ence between the strain in the steel ring at each recorded timeand the initial strain.4.Summary of Test Method4.1 A sample of freshly mixed mortar or concrete is com-pacted in a circular mold around an instrumented steel ring.The compressive strain developed in the steel ring caused byshrinkage of the mortar or concrete specimen is measured from1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 onConcrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of SubcommitteeC09.68 on Volume Change.Current edition approved July 1,2016.Published August 2016.Originallyapproved in 2004.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C1581 09a.DOI:10.1520/C1581_C1581M-16.2Section on Safety Precautions,Manual of Aggregate and Concrete Testing,Annual Book of ASTM Standards,Vol 04.02.3For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers(ASME),ASMEInternational Headquarters,Three Park Ave.,New York,NY 10016-5990,http:/www.asme.org.*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standardCopyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 the time of casting(1-6).5Cracking of the test specimen isindicated by a sudden decrease in the steel ring strain.The ageat cracking and the rate of tensile stress development in the testspecimen are indicators of the materials resistance to crackingunder restrained shrinkage.5.Significance and Use5.1 This test method is for relative comparison of materialsand is not intended to determine the age at cracking of mortaror concrete in any specific type of structure,configuration,orexposure.5.2 This test method is applicable to mixtures with aggre-gates of 13-mm 0.5-in.maximum nominal size or less.5.3 This test method is useful for determi