ASTM_C_159_-_06_2016.pdf

Designation:C15906(Reapproved 2016)Standard Specification forVitrified Clay Filter Blocks1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C159;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This specification establishes the criteria for acceptance,prior to installation,of vitrified clay filter block used intrickling filters for the treatment of sewage and industrialwastes.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard.The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlyand are not considered standard.1.3 The following precautionary caveat pertains only to thetest method portions shown in Annex A1 Annex A3.Thisstandard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the userof this standard to establish appropriate safety and healthpractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-tions prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C150/C150M Specification for Portland CementC896 Terminology Relating to Clay ProductsE4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines3.Terminology3.1 The definitions for clay,fire clay,shale,and surface clayare as defined in Terminology C896.3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 compressive strengththe pressure,measured in psi(kPa)which causes failure of vitrified clay filter block,with theload being applied to the block in the direction of use.3.2.2 filter blockrectangular,vitrified clay units with inte-rior drainage channels,having apertures that connect to thedrainage channels through the upper surface.The apertures arearranged to form drainage and aeration grilles that pass air into,and liquids from,overlying filtering media.The drainagechannels of the filter block provide for the conveyance of thefiltered liquid away from the filter bed.3.2.2.1 Type I-S and Type I-H filter blockone-piece unitssuitable for constructing a single-course trickling filter floor.3.2.3 lotunless otherwise specified,a lot shall consist ofall filter block of each type of the contract or purchase order.3.2.4 wallsExterior vertical sides of vitrified clay filterblock.3.2.5 websinterior supports separating channels of vitri-fied clay filter block.4.Classification4.1 Filter block are manufactured in the following types:4.1.1 Type I-S,standard rate and4.1.2 Type I-H,high rate.4.2 The purchaser shall specify the type of filter block to befurnished.5.Ordering Information5.1 Orders for filter block under this specification shallinclude the following information:5.1.1 Quantity,5.1.2 Type of filter block,5.1.3 ASTM designation and date of issue,5.1.4 Required tests or certification,and5.1.5 Inspection location;factory or point of delivery.6.Materials and Manufacture6.1 Filter block shall be formed from fire clay,shale,surfaceclay,or a combination of these materials.6.2 Formed filter block shall be fired to a suitable tempera-ture to yield a product that is strong,durable,and serviceableand conforms to this specification.7.Chemical Requirements7.1 Acid ResistanceAcid-soluble matter in filter blockshall not exceed 0.25%by weight when tested as specified inthis specification in any of the following acids:sulfuric(H2SO4),hydrochloric(HCl),nitric(HNO3),or acetic(CH3COOH).The test shall be performed only when specified.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C04 onVitrified Clay Pipe and is the direct responsibility of Subcomittee C04.20 onMethods of Test and SpecificationsCurrent edition approved Nov.1,2016.Published November 2016.Originallyapproved in 1941.Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C159-06(2011).DOI:10.1520/C0159-06R16.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 7.2 The purchaser shall designate the acid or acids to beused in this test.8.Physical Properties8.1 Compressive StrengthCompressive strength tests shallbe performed on full-or half-size block.The average compres-sive strength of filter block units shall be at least 450 psi(3.1mPa),and no individual unit shall have a compressive strengthless than 400 psi(2.8 mPa).The compressive strength shall becalculated on the gross area of the block.8.2 AbsorptionThe average absorption of five filter block,determined by 1-h submersion in boiling water,shall notexceed 6%by weight.9.Dimensions and Permissible Variations9.1 ApertureThe smallest dimension of an aperture inType I-S and I-H f