ASTM_C_676_-_04_2014.pdf

Designation:C67604(Reapproved 2014)Standard Test Method forDetergent Resistance of Ceramic Decorations on GlassTableware1This standard is issued under the fixed designation C676;the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or,in the case of revision,the year of last revision.A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.Asuperscript epsilon()indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1.Scope1.1 This qualitative test method is designed to provide aconvenient and reproducible method of determining the deter-gent resistance of decorations applied to glass tableware.1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns,if any,associated with its use.It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2.Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2C927 Test Method for Lead and Cadmium Extracted fromthe Lip and Rim Area of Glass Tumblers ExternallyDecorated with Ceramic Glass Enamels3.Terminology3.1 Definition:3.2 detergent resistancethe degree of resistance to thechemical action of detergents.4.Significance and Use4.1 This test method provides a means of estimating thequalitative performance of glass enamel decorations that areexposed to high phosphate detergents during use.This testmethod also attempts to simulate accelerated exposure to highphosphate detergents prior to testing for heavy metal release,such as in Test Method C927 when long term performance ofenamels must be evaluated.5.Apparatus5.1 Test ChamberAthermostatically controlled tank,pref-erably stainless steel,that will maintain a solution temperatureof 60 6 2C.5.2 Specimen HolderA device for supporting the speci-mens to be evaluated in such a manner as to ensure free andunobstructed contact between the decoration and the testsolution.6.Test Specimens6.1 Test specimens consist of representative glass tablewarewith ceramic decorations.7.Test Solution7.1 Prepare a test solution consisting of 5%sodium pyro-phosphate(Na4P2O710H2O)and 95%distilled water.8.Procedure8.1 Immerse the samples for 2-h periods in the test solutionmaintained at 60 6 2C.Retain a duplicate piece of ware witheach decoration under test without exposure to the solution asan aid in judging the degree of chemical action on thespecimens under test.At the end of the 2-h periods,remove thespecimens from the solution,rub vigorously with a cloth underrunning water,dry,and evaluate.8.2 Grade the decorations after each 2-h period of immer-sion in accordance with one of the following classes:Class 1No loss of gloss.Class 2Gloss loss,no loss of opacity.Class 3Noticeable loss of opacity.Class 4Complete removal of decoration.9.Interpretation of Results9.1 Grade the decorations after each 2-h period of immer-sion in accordance with one of the following classes:Grade 1No attack apparent.Grade 2Appearance of iridescence or visible stain on theexposed surface when viewed at a 45 angle but not apparentat angles less than 30.Grade 3A definite stain which does not blur reflectedimages and is visible at angles less than 30.Grade 4Definite stain with a gross color change orstrongly iridescent surface visible at angles less than 30 andwhich may blur reflected images.Grade 5Surface dull or matte with chalking possible.Grade 6Significant removal of enamel with pinholingevident.1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C14 on Glassand Glass Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C14.10 onGlass Decoration.Current edition approved May 1,2014.Published May 2014.Originallyapproved in 1971.Last previous edition approved in 2009 as C676 04(2009).DOI:10.1520/C0676-04R14.2For referenced ASTM standards,visit the ASTM website,www.astm.org,orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org.For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information,refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International,100 Barr Harbor Drive,PO Box C700,West Conshohocken,PA 19428-2959.United States1 Grade 7Complete removal of enamel in exposed area.10.Report10.1 Report the following information:10.1.1 Identification of the specimen tested,including deco-rating material used and maturing cycle used,10.1.2 Grading of the specimens into the classes above aftereach 2-h period of immersion,and10.1.3 Date of test and name of operator conducting test.11.Precision and Bias11.1 No justifiable statement can be made regarding theprecision and bias of this test method since the degree of attackis determined using a subjective grading system.12.Keywords12.1 ceramic decorations;detergent resistance;glass table-wareASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard.Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights,and